Okokuqala, ukulungiselela
Ujwayele imidwebo nezinhlelo zokwakha. Ngaphambi kokwakha i-scaffold, umdwebi kufanele afunde ngokucophelela imidwebo yokwakha kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha, futhi aqonde izici zokwakhiwa, izidingo zokuphakama, imigomo yokulayisha, njll. Ukwenza isibonelo, ekuqothulweni kwezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele izinto ezifana nemithwalo yomoya kanye nemiphumela yokuzamazama komhlaba, khetha uhlelo oluzinzile kakhulu, futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuqinisa. Bheka izinto zokwakha namathuluzi. Hlola izinto ezifana namapayipi ensimbi, ama-fasteners, amabhodi okubuka, amanetha okuphepha, njll. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yabo ihlangabezana nezidingo. Amapayipi ensimbi akufanele abe namaphutha anjengokugoba, ama-defformation, kanye nemifantu, ama-fasteners akufanele awonakaliswe noma amabhodi okushibilika, amanetha okuphepha akufanele awonakaliswe noma asanda kulinyazwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, hlola ukuthi amathuluzi anjengemithelo, amaPliers, nezando ziphelele futhi ziqinile ukuze zisebenze kahle ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha. Isibonelo, lapho ubheka amapayipi ensimbi, ungasebenzisa i-vernier caliper ukukala ububanzi babo kanye nodonga lwabo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlangabezana nezindinganiso zezwe; Lapho ubheka ama-fasteners, ungaqhuba izivivinyo zesampula ukuze uvivinye i-anti-slip yabo, ukubhujiswa, nezinye izakhiwo.
Okwesibili, inqubo yokwakha
Ukwelashwa kwesisekelo kuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo se-scaffold siqinile futhi sithembekile. Ngokwesimo sangempela sendawo yokwakha, isisekelo sidalulwe futhi sihlanganiswe, futhi izindlela zokudonsa amanzi zisethwe ukuvikela ukunqwabelana kwamanzi ekutholeni ukuqina kwesikali. Ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi othambile, izisekelo zikakhonkolo noma amaphakethe wokubeka angasetshenziselwa ukwandisa umthamo wokuthela. Isibonelo, lapho kwakha ukuklanywa okususelwa emhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo wokuthwala isisekelo uhlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. Ngokuvamile, umthamo wokuthwala isisekelo uyadingeka ukuba ungabi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-80. I-Pole Erection Isigxobo yilungu eliyinhloko elithwala umthwalo we-scaffolding, futhi ikhwalithi yalo yokwakhiwa ithinta ngqo ukuqina kokuswayipha. Isikhala, i-verticality, kanye nesikhundla esihlangene sezigxobo kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile yilolo lokwakha kanye nezidingo zokucaciswa. Izikhala zezigxobo akufanele zibe zikhulu kunamamitha ayi-1.5, futhi ukuphambuka kwe-verticality akufanele kube kukhulu kunobude obuyi-1/200. Amalunga ezinhlamvu ezimile kufanele axhumeke nge-butt fasterers. Amalunga ezigxobo eziseduze kufanele angavumelani, futhi ibanga elimile akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-500 mm. Ukwenza isibonelo, lapho kwakha izigxobo ezimile, umugqa we-plumb noma i-theodolite ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa i-verticatity ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izigxobo ezimile ziye zanda emhlabathini; Lapho uxhuma amalunga ezigxobo ezimile, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-torque eqinisa i-fastener ihlangabezana nezidingo, okungafanele zibe ngaphansi kwama-40n. Ibha evundlile isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhuma izigxobo ezithe mpo futhi zithuthukise ubuqotho be-scaffolding. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokuvundlile kwemigoqo evundlile kufanele futhi kulawulwe yizidingo zezincazelo. Isikhala semigoqo evundlile ngokuvamile akufanele ibe sikhulu kunamamitha ayi-1,2, futhi ukuphambuka okuvumayo akufanele kube kukhulu kuno-1/300 wobubanzi bezinhlaka. Amalunga emigoqo evundlile kufanele axhumeke nge-butt fasterers noma ama-fasteners we-lep, ubude be-lap akufanele kube ngaphansi kwemitha eyi-1, futhi kufanele ilungiswe nge-fasteres ejikelezayo engaphansi kuka-3. Isibonelo, lapho ehlela ibha evundlile, izinga lingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukuvundlile ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi ibha evundlile iyavundlile; Lapho uxhuma amalunga we-bar evundlile, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-torque eqinisa i-fastener ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvimbela umgoqo ovundlile kusuka ku-realing. I-Scissor Brace Erection Scissor Brace Erection Erection iyindlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukuqina kokuqunjelwa kokuqina futhi kufanele kwakhiwe kwizidingo zokucaciswa. I-angle, izikhala, indlela yokuxhuma, njll. E-Scissor Brace kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo. I-angle ye-scissor brace ngokuvamile ingu-45 ° kuya ku-60 °, futhi izikhala akufanele zibe zikhulu kunamamitha ayi-6. Amalunga we-Scissor Brace kufanele axhumeke nge-fasteners ye-LAP, ubude be-LAP akufanele babe ngaphansi kwemitha eyi-1, futhi kufanele ilungiswe ngaphandle kwama-fastener ajikelezayo amathathu. Isibonelo, lapho uhlela i-Scissor Brace, ungasebenzisa umphathi we-angle ukukala i-angle yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo; Lapho uxhuma i-Scissor Brace Joint, qiniseka ukuthi i-torque eqinisa i-fastener ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvimbela umfutho weScissor ekuhlulekeni. Ukubeka iBhodi Ye-Scaffolding Ibhodi Ye-Scaffolting yipulatifomu ye-Scaffolder ukusebenza, futhi ikhwalithi yayo yokulala ithinta ngqo ukuphepha komsebenzi. IBhodi Le-Scaffolding kufanele libekwe ngokugcwele futhi lizinze, futhi akufanele kube ne-Probe Board. Imigqa ephindwe kabili yemigoqo emincane yesiphambano kufanele isethwe emalungeni ebhodini lokubopha, futhi izikhala akufanele zibe zinkulu kune-300 mm. Ukuphela kweBhodi Ye-Scaffolding kufanele kuboshwe ngocingo futhi kulungiswe kwi-Crossbar encane ukuvimbela ibhodi yokubopha kusuka ekushelelayo. Ukwenza isibonelo, lapho ubeka amabhodi e-scaffolding, ungasebenzisa umphathi wensimbi ukukala izikhala emalungeni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ahlangabezana nezidingo; Lapho ubopha iziphetho zamabhodi okusika, qiniseka ukuthi ucingo luyaqiniswa ukuvikela amabhodi okuthuka angavuli. Ukulengiswa inetha lokuphepha Inetha lokuphepha liyisikhungo esibalulekile sokuvikela ukuvimbela abantu nezinto ekuweni, futhi kufanele balengiswe ngemininingwane. Izinto ezibonakalayo, imininingwane, nendlela yokulengiswa yenetha lokuphepha kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo. Okuqukethwe kwenetha lokuphepha kufanele kuhlangane namazinga kazwelonke, futhi imininingwane ngokuvamile ingamamitha ayi-1.8 amamitha ayi-6. Ukulengiswa kwenetha lokuphepha kufanele kuqine futhi kuqine, futhi akufanele kube khona izikhala. Inetha elingezansi kufanele isethwe ezansi kwenetha lokuphepha ukuvikela izinto ekuweni kusuka phansi. Isibonelo, lapho ulenga inetha lokuphepha, ungasebenzisa ucingo ukuze ulungise inetha lokuphepha ku-scaffolding ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inetha lokuphepha liqinile; Lapho ubheka inetha lokuphepha, qiniseka ukuthi alilimele noma asebekhulile, futhi uma kunenkinga, kufanele ithathelwe indawo ngesikhathi.
Okwesithathu, inqubo yokususa
Yakha uhlelo lokususa ngaphambi kokususa i-scaffolding, kufanele kufakwe uhlelo lokususa olunemininingwane ukuze lucacisele ukulandelana, indlela, izindlela zokuphepha, njll. Uhlelo Lokususa kufanele luvunyelwe ngaphambi kokuqalisa. Isibonelo, ekususweni kokuqunjelwa kwezakhiwo eziphakeme, indlela yokuxoshwa kwezigaba kanye nama-facade kufanele amukelwe ukugwema ukuhlukana kakhulu ngasikhathi sinye, okuzokwenza ukuthi i-scaffoldold ibe yinto engazinzi. Setha indawo yesexwayiso lapho ukhipha i-scaffolding, indawo yesexwayiso kufanele isethwe ukunqabela abasebenzi abangagunyaziwe ukuthi bangene. Indawo yokuxwayisa kufanele ifakwe izibonakaliso ezisobala nezixwayiso, futhi umuntu ozinikele kufanele abe nesibopho sokuqapha. Isibonelo, izingodo nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zingasethwa zizungeze indawo yesexwayiso ukukhumbuza abadlulayo - ngokunaka ukuphepha; Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphumula, umuntu ozinikele kufanele ahlelwe ukuba abe nesibopho sokuqapha ukuvikela abasebenzi abangagunyaziwe ukuthi bangenele indawo yokudilizwa. Ukudilizwa ngoku-oda ukukhiqizwa kwe-scaffoldolding kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandelana kokwakhiwa kuqala bese kuqhuma, okungukuthi, amabhodi okuphepha, bese kubanjwa amabhodi okuqala, bese kubanjwa izigxobo, izigxobo ezimile, njll. Kufanele zisuswe. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlakaza, kufanele kubhekwe ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwe-scaffolding, futhi izinduku eziningi akufanele zisuswe ngasikhathi sinye. Izinduku ezixhunywe esakhiweni, ezinjengezixhumi zodonga, kufanele zisuswe kanye nokukhiqizwa kokuqothuka kokuqothuka kulolo ngqimba, futhi akufanele kususwe kusengaphambili. Isibonelo, lapho ususa ukwesekwa kweScissor, ama-fasteners aphakathi nawo kufanele asuswe kuqala, bese kuba khona ama-fasteners kuzo zombili iziphetho ukuvimbela ukwesekwa kwesiketi ekuweni kungazelelwe; Lapho ususa isigxobo esimile, isigxobo esithe mpo kufanele senziwe kuqala, bese kubanjwa ama-fasteners ukuvikela isigxobo esithe mpo ekuweni. Ukuhlanza izinto ezibonakalayo nokufaka izinto ezisusiwe kufanele kuhlanzwe, kuhlukaniswe futhi kufakwe ndawonye ngesikhathi, futhi kuhanjiswa endaweni ebekiwe. Izinto ezisusiwe ngeke zilahlwe noma zigxishwe endaweni yokwakha lapho kuzokugwema ukuthinta ukwakhiwa kwezokuphepha nokwakhiwa kwempucuko. Isibonelo, amapayipi ensimbi, ama-fasteners, amabhodi wokubopha, nezinye izinto ezingafakwa ngokuhlukile futhi kumakwe ukuphathwa okulula nokuhamba; Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuvimba izinto zokwakha ekusakazeni, kubangele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nezingozi zokuphepha.
Okwesine, izinyathelo zokuphepha
Ama-scaffolders okuvikelwa komuntu siqu kufanele agqoke imishini yokuvikela umuntu efana nezigqoko zokuphepha, amabhande okuphepha, nezicathulo ezingezona ezisele kahle lapho zisebenza. Izigqoko zokuphepha kufanele ziboshwe ngemichilo, amabhande okuphepha kufanele alengiswe phezulu futhi asetshenziswa izicathulo eziphansi, futhi ezingezona ezishelelayo kufanele zigcinwe zomile futhi zihlanzekile. Isibonelo, lapho usebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme, qiniseka ukuthi i-hook yebhande lezokuphepha ifakwe ngokuqinile endaweni enokwethenjelwa ukuvikela ibhande lezokuphepha ekuweni; Lapho usebenza ngezinsuku zemvula, gqoka izicathulo ezingezona ezisele ukuvikela ukushelela. Vimbela ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni lapho usebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme, unake ukuvikela ukuwa okuphezulu. Musa ukusebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuvikela, futhi ungagijimeli, gxuma, noma udlale ku-scaffolds. Isibonelo, lapho usetha noma ukudiliza ama-scaffolds, sebenzisa izindawo zokuvikela ezifana namabhande okuphepha kanye nezintambo zokuphepha ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho; Lapho usebenza kuma-scaffolds, faka amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha ezikhwameni zamathuluzi futhi ungazibeki ngokungahleliwe ukuvikela amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha ekuweni kanye nokulimaza abantu. Vikela izinto ekushayweni endaweni yokwakha, unake ukuvikela izinto ekushayweni. Musa ukuphonsa izinto eziphakemeyo eziphakeme, futhi ungahlali noma udlule ngaphansi kwama-scaffolds. Isibonelo, lapho kuphazamisa ama-scaffolds, abeke izindondo zokuvimbela abasebenzi abangahambisani nokungena endaweni yokusatshalaliswa; Lapho uphakamisa izinto zokwenziwa, sebenzisa ama-slings afanelekile nokugoqa ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kokuphakanyiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Naka ukushintshwa kwesimo sezulu lapho wenza imisebenzi yokugoda, naka izinguquko zesimo sezulu. Lapho uhlangabezana nesimo sezulu esibi esifana nama-gale Force ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu, imvula enkulu, inkungu esindayo, njll., Imisebenzi ephezulu kakhulu kufanele iyekwe. Isibonelo, esimweni sezulu esinomoya, ukuswayipha kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kuqiniswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi kushaywe phansi komoya; Lapho usebenza ngezinsuku zemvula, kufanele kubhekwe ku-anti-skid ukuvikela ukushelela.
Ngamafuphi, abakwaScaffolders kufanele bakwazi kahle amakhono athile okusebenza kanye nokuphepha emsebenzini ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kokwakha nekhwalithi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele baqhubeke nokufunda futhi bathuthukise izinga labo lobuchwepheshe ukuze bazivumelanise nezidingo zemboni yokwakha.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jan-07-2025