Okokuqala, ukubuka konke kobunjiniyela bokubopha
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1) Ukwakhiwa kwe-Roun-Row Ground Scaffolding: I-Grought-row Ground Scaffolding yakhiwa nge-φ48 × 3.5 amapayipi ensimbi, ibanga eliphakeme le-1.5m phakathi kwezigxobo ezinkulu, kanye nomugqa wangaphakathi wezigxobo eziqondile ngo-0.3m kude nodonga. Ngaphansi komhlabathi we-scaffolding kuhlanganiswe nenhlabathi ebonakalayo, ungqimba lwe-c1mm oluwugqinsi olungu-100mm oluwugqinsi, ibhodi eligcwele le-scaffolding libekwe ezimpandeni zesigxobo esithe mpo, bese isigxobo esithe mpo nesivundlile sisethiwe 200mm ngaphezulu komhlaba. Izicucu ze-bamboo zibekwe esigxotsheni ngasinye esincane esivundlile, isigxobo sokukhahlela sisethwe ngaphandle kokuphakama kwama-250mm esigxotsheni ngasinye esincane esivundlile, futhi imidwebo emibili ibekwe ngo-600mm. Inetha eliluhlaza okotshani lokuphepha lilengiswa ngaphandle. Ibhodi eliphakeme le-180mm lisethwe ezitebhisini ezintathu eziphezulu. Amaphoyinti we-scaffolding tie asethelwe ngezinyathelo ezimbili kanye nezikhala ezintathu futhi zixhunywe ngama-fasteners aphindwe kabili.
. Izigxobo ezithe mpo kanye nama-crossbers amakhulu kufanele afakwe ngama-fasteners alungile, futhi azikho izinyathelo okufanele zisethwe noma zishiywe. Ngaphandle kwenhla phezulu kwesendlalelo esiphezulu, ukunwetshwa kwe-vertical Pole kuxhunywe ngabakwa-Butt Fasterers kuwo wonke amanye amazinga. Ibanga ukusuka emaphethelweni wepuleti yesembozo se-fasterer sokugcina kuya ekupheleni kwenduku akuwona ngaphansi kwe-100mm. Ukuphambuka okuthe mpo kwesigxobo mpo akufanele kube kukhulu kuno-1/300 kokuphakama kohlaka, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphambuka kwalo ngokuphelele kufanele kulawulwe kungabi ngaphezu kwe-50mm.
. I-crossbar enkulu isethwe ngokuya ngokuphakama kwaphansi, nezinyathelo ezimbili zibekwe esitezi ngasinye. Isikhala asikho ngaphezu kwe-1500mm, futhi sihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. Izinduku zixhumeke amalunga we-butt noma ukugqagqana. Lapho edabukisa, izikhundla ezihlanganyelwe ze-crossbars kufanele zithinte amabanga ahlukene mpo ezinezigxobo eziqonde mpo, enebanga eliminyene elingaphansi kwama-500mm kanye nobude obungaphezulu kwe-1m. Ibanga kusuka ezinhlangeni eziseduzane mpo akufanele zibe zinkulu kune-1/3 yebanga elithe mpo.
(3) Hlela eduze kwezigxobo ezimile, ezakhiwe kwiziphambano ezinkulu futhi ziboshwe ngama-fasteners alungile. I-crossbar encane kufanele isethwe endaweni enkulu, eboshwe ngama-fasteners alungile, futhi ivinjelwe ngokuphelele ekususwe. Ibanga eliphakathi phakathi kwama-fastener amabili angesokudla endaweni eyinhloko akufanele abe mkhulu kune-150mm. Ubude be-Crossbar Encane Emisiwe Esuka ohlangothini lwesigxobo sangaphandle akufanele ihluke, futhi kungcono ukuyilawula kungakapheli ama-150 kuye kwangama-300mm ukwenza lula ukulengiswa kwenetha lokuphepha eliminyene futhi uqinisekise umphumela we-facade wohlaka lwangaphandle. Ubude besengezo be-crossbar encane odongeni akufanele bube ngaphansi kwe-100mm futhi akufanele babe bukhulu kune-300mm, futhi ibanga ukusuka engxenyeni encane yokuphikisana nodonga kuya ku-100mm. Ama-Crossbars amancane angenawo ama-nodes angelona asemqoka engxenyeni esebenzayo kufanele abekwe kumabanga alinganayo ngokwezidingo zokusekela ibhodi le-scaffolding, futhi izikhala eziphezulu akufanele zibe zikhulu ku-1/2 yebanga elithe mpo zezigxobo ezithe mpo. Phakathi kwezigxobo eziseduze, 1 kuya ku-2 ama-crossbars amancane kufanele angezwe njengoba kudingeka. Ngaphansi kwezimo azikho izimo ezincane ezisebenza njengamalungu ayisisekelo ezakhiwo.
. Ama-broces skessors kumele akhiwe ngokuvumelanisa nezigxobo ezimile, izigxobo ezinde nezintendezeli ezivundlile, njll. Izinduku ze-diagonal ze-scissoral braces zigxile ezinhlangeni ezihamba mpo noma i-corserbars ezinkulu ezivela enkabeni ye-fastener enkulu ayikho ngaphezu kwe-150mm. I-angle phakathi kwezinduku ze-diagonal ze-scissors brace kanye nomhlaba unama-degree angama-45 kuya kwangama-60, kanye nezinduku ze-diagonal ze-diagonal braces kufanele zixhunywe ngokuthembekile kumalungu ahlukahlukene ahlelekile. Ukuxhumeka kwezindawo kuthembekile. I-torque eqinisekisayo yama-bolts we-fastener ngu-40n.m kuya ku-65n.m.
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. Misa ukusebenzisa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-15 ngesikhathi sokwakha, futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe; Ngemuva kokubekwa ngaphansi kwezinto eziqinile ezifana neziphepho, izimvula ezinamandla, ukuzamazama komhlaba, njll; Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, lapho i-deformation ebalulekile, indawo yokuhlala, ukususwa kwezinduku nezinduku, nezingozi zokuphepha zitholakala.
(8) Inetha lokuphepha kufanele lilengiswe ngokusungulwa kohlaka lwangaphandle. Inetha lokuphepha kufanele liboshwe futhi lilungiswe ngepayipi lensimbi ngentambo ye-nylon futhi akumele likhululwe ngentando.
Okwesibili, ukwakhelwa kwesakhiwo sepulatifomu kanye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
1) Ukulayisha Idizakhi Yesifo Sezakhiwo Sokwakha: Ukuqinisekisa ukuvela nokuhamba kwezinto zokwakha, ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo somhlabathi kubeka ipulatifomu yokulayisha esitezi ngasinye phezulu. Usayizi wendiza wepulatifomu yokulayisha yi-5000mm × 3000mm. Phansi kusetshenziswa ama-I-beams njengesakhiwo esikhulu se-beam yesikhulumi esamukelayo esinezikhala eziyi-1500mm. Insimbi ye-Angle isetshenziswa njengokusekelwa phakathi kwe-I-beams ngesikhala esingu-500mm. Insimbi e-angle kanye nama-i-beams athunyelwa ephelele, futhi ingaphezulu limbozwe nge-plywood yokhuni. Ku-I-beams nhlangothi zombili izinhlangothi 800mm kude nokuphela kwangaphandle kwesiteji esamukelayo, ipuleti lensimbi lifakwe izintambo zensimbi yensimbi. Ku-I-beams ezinhlangothini zombili, amapayipi ensimbi anokuphakama kwe-1200mm kanye nesikhala se-1500mm asenziwa njengezandla njengezandla.
2) Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo:
I-Cantilever Beam: Sebenzisa ukucaciswa kwe-I-Beam 126 × 74 × 5.0;
I-Angle Steel: Sebenzisa insimbi engu- ∟50 × 6 6 angle;
Intambo yocingo: Sebenzisa intambo ye-6 × 19
Ngokusebenzisa i-screw-beam: Sebenzisa Φ20 Insimbi eyindilinga ukuze icubungulwe;
Ukuxhuma ipuleti lensimbi: Sebenzisa ipuleti lensimbi elingu-20mm elingu-20mm,
3) Ukufakwa, ukwamukela, kanye nokusebenzisa ipulatifomu yokulayisha
. Ipulatifomu yokulayisha igqekeza phansi i-floor slab ngo-300mm. Umgodi onobubanzi obungu-250mm ugodliwe ku-beam ephezulu phansi. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, isikulufa se-pay-beam silungisiwe emgodini ogodliwe. Ipulatifomu eyamukelayo kanye ne-bolt ixhumeke ngeplate yensimbi ekhethiwe nentambo yocingo. Intambo ye-wire yakha i-angle engu-45 ° ngeplatifomu eyamukelayo. Intambo yokulayisha ipulatifomu intambo yamukele φ19 intambo yentambo, 4 isiyonke, 2 yazo esetshenziswa njengezintambo zokuphepha. Intambo yocingo ilungiswa ngebhasikidi lebhasikidi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intambo yocingo icindezelwe ngokulinganayo. Ukuxhumeka kwezintambo ze-wire adale ama-clamps ezintanga, futhi intambo ngayinye ye-wire ayinasithupha. Izinhlangothi ezintathu zepulatifomu zifakwe ngokuphakama kwe-1200mm. Ishiswe nge-φ48 × 3.5 amapayipi ensimbi, kanye ne-mesh ephephile yenziwa ngaphakathi. Ipulatifomu yokulayisha ngeke ixhumeke ku-scaflolding yangaphandle.
(2) Ipulatifomu yokulayisha ingaphakanyiswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi icubunguliwe futhi yamukelwa. Lapho zikhulisa, zilengise kuqala izingwegwe emakhoneni amane bese zithumela isiginali yokuqala, kepha ziphakamisa kuphela ipulatifomu bese zikhulula intambo ye-wire ethambekele ngaphambi kokuhlehlisa insimbi. Izintambo zesiqondisi ezine ze-hook kufanele zibe nobude obulinganayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ipulatifomu iqinile ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhulisa. Ngemuva kokuphakamisa isikhundla esinqunywe kusengaphambili, okokuqala, lungisa ipulatifomu i-WE-BEAM nezingxenye ezishumekiwe, bese ulungisa intambo yocingo, bese uqinisa amantongomane nezinsimbi zezinsimbi, bese ukhulula i-tower crane hook. Ipulatifomu yokulayisha ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ifakiwe futhi yamukelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuphakanyiselwe futhi kwamukelwe kanye.
(3) Lapho kusetshenziswa ipulatifomu yokulayisha, uphawu lomkhawulo wesisindo kufanele lufakwe esimweni esibonakalayo eduze kwesikhulumi, futhi ngeke lisetshenziswe ngokweqile.
Okwesithathu, izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokuphepha ze-scaffolding
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1) Izinduku zombani kufanele zifakwe kuzimele zensimbi zensimbi, ezibekwe ezinhlangeni zegumbi elingaphandle futhi zixhunywe kwi-crossbar enkulu ukwakha inethiwekhi yokuvikela umbani, futhi ukumelana kwesisekelo kufanele kutholakale kungabi ngaphezu kwe-30 ω.
2) Bheka njalo ukuqina, thola izinkinga nezingozi ezifihliwe, futhi zilungise futhi zikuqinise ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe ukufezekisa ukuqina nokuqina ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kokwakha.
3) Abasebenzi abakwaziyo ukuklanywa kwangaphandle kumele baqinisekiswe ukuthi basebenze futhi basebenzise izigqoko zokuphepha, amabhande okuphepha, nezicucu ezingezona ezisele ngendlela efanele.
4) Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuba namaBhodi e-Probe emabhodini okuthuka. Lapho ubeka amabhodi wokubopha futhi imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, ukuhanjiswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwemithwalo yokwakha kufanele kulinganiselwe ngangokunokwenzeka.
5) Qinisekisa ubuqotho bomzimba wokubopha, ungakubopha kanye nelifti, futhi unganqumi uhlaka.
6) Isendlalelo ngasinye sokwenziwa kwangaphandle kwesakhiwo siyakhiwa. Ngemuva kokuba umeluleki usuqediwe, ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokwamukelwa yiphoyisa lezokuphepha lomnyango wephrojekthi. Noma yimuphi umholi weqembu futhi umuntu ngamunye ngeke asuse ngokunqumela izingxenye zokuthuka ngaphandle kwemvume.
7) Lawula ngokuqinile umthwalo wokwakha, ibhodi lokugoqa ngeke ligxile futhi lilayishwe, futhi umthwalo wokwakha ngeke ube mkhulu kune-3kk / m2 ukuqinisekisa indawo enkulu yokuphepha.
8) Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, izingqimba eziningi azivunyelwe ukusebenza ngasikhathi sinye. Ngesikhathi sokwakha umhlobiso, inani lezendlalelo okufanele lisebenze ngasikhathi sinye ngeke lidlule izingqimba ezimbili. Inani lezendlalelo okufanele lisebenze ngasikhathi sinye ngamafreyimu we-cantilever wesikhashana ngeke adlule inani lezendlalelo.
9) Lapho ungqimba olusebenzayo lungaphezu kwama-3.0m aphezulu kunohlobo lodonga olungezansi kwalo futhi akukho ukuxhumana kodonga ngaphezulu kwalo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zesikhashana zokusekelwa zesikhashana.
10) Uthango oluvikelayo oluthembekile kufanele lusethwe phakathi kwesendlalelo ngasinye sokusebenza ukuvikela izinto eziwayo ekulimazeni abantu.
11) Imisele yokudonsa amanzi kufanele imbiwe ngaphandle kwesisekelo sezigxobo zokuphamba ukuvikela amanzi emvula ukuthi afake isisekelo.
Okwesine, izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokuphepha zokususwa kokuvuselelwa kwe-scaffolding
1) Ngaphambi kokukhipha i-scaffolding, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokushibilika ukuze kudilizwe. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlola, kufanele kudwetshwe uhlelo lokusebenza futhi luhanjiswe ukuze luvunyelwe. Umsebenzi ungathathwa kuphela ngemuva kwencazelo yezobuchwepheshe.
2) Lapho ukhipha i-scaffolding, indawo yokusebenza kufanele ihlukaniswe, futhi uthango oluboshwe ngezintambo noma izimpawu zezexwayiso kufanele zakhiwe zizungeze. Umuntu okhethekile kufanele abelwe ukuzala emhlabathini, futhi abasebenzi abangasebenzi kufanele banqatshelwe ukungena.
3) Inqubo yokusatshalaliswa kwezingxabano kufanele ilandele umgomo we-Top-Down, Ukuqalwa kokuqala bese kuthi, okuwukuthi, okokuqala ukudiliza i-crossbar, bese unqamula i-diagonar brace, bese uqhuma ngokulandelana, bese uqhubeka ngokulandelana ngokuya ngomgomo wesinyathelo esisodwa futhi kucace. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukudiliza uhlaka ngasikhathi sinye.
4) Lapho ususa isigxobo esimile, bamba isigxobo esimile kuqala bese udiliza amabhande amabili okugcina. Lapho ukhipha i-crossbar enkulu, i-diagonal brace, kanye nesiketi brace, ibhande eliphakathi kufanele lisuswe kuqala, bese ubamba maphakathi, bese ukhipha isibopho sokuphela.
I-5) I-Wall Connecting ROD (I-Tie Point) kufanele ihlukaniswe ungqimba njengoba kuqubuka ukuthuthuka. Lapho ususa umfakeli ophonsa, kufanele asekelwe ukwesekwa kwesikhashana ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa.
6) Ngesikhathi sokudilizwa, kufanele kunikezwe umyalo onobunye, futhi izingxenye eziphezulu nangaphansi kufanele ziphendule komunye nomunye futhi zixhumanise ukunyakaza. Lapho ungahambisani ifindo elihlobene nomunye umuntu, elinye iqembu kufanele liziswe kuqala ukuvimbela ukuwa.
7) Lapho ususa uhlaka, akekho umuntu okufanele athathelwe indawo maphakathi. Uma umuntu kufanele athathelwe indawo, isimo sokuhlukahlukana kufanele sichazwe kahle ngaphambi kokuhamba.
8) Izinto ezididileyo kufanele zihanjiswe kancane, futhi ukuphonsa kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Izinto ezithuthwa emhlabathini zizothuthwa futhi zidilizwe endaweni ebekiwe, zihlukaniswe futhi ziboshwe, futhi zidilizwa futhi zisulwe ngosuku olufanayo.
9) Lapho kuphuma kulolo suku ngalo lolo suku, izingxenye ezingekho emthethweni zizoqiniswa ngesikhathi ukuvikela izingozi ezifihliwe ukuthi zibangele izingozi ezenziwe ngabantu ngemuva kokubuyela emsebenzini.
10) Uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu esikhethekile njengomoya onamandla, imvula, iqhwa, njll.
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: Nov-19-2024