I-Scaffolding iyipulatifomu esebenzayo eyakhiwe ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokwakha. Njengengxenye ecishe ibe yingxenye yemisebenzi yokwakha, imisebenzi yayo yokwakhiwa ibalulekile kulo lonke iphrojekthi.
Okokuqala, amazinga aphezulu wezesekeli zokwakheka
1. Ipayipi lensimbi
. Kufanele ibe nesitifiketi sekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nombiko wokuhlola. Abantu ababomvu kakhulu kufanele bathathelwe indawo futhi akumele basetshenziselwe ukwakha uhlaka.
. Akufanele kube nokugqwala okungathi sína, ukugoba, ukubhoboza, ukulimala, noma ukuwohloka. Sebenzisa.
(3) Ipayipi lensimbi lihlanganiswe nopende wokulwa. Izigxobo ezimile nezigxobo ezivundlile zipendwe ngopende wokulwa ophuzi, kanye nokuxhaswa kweScissor namashubhu wezandla kupeyintiwe ngopende obomvu namhlophe. Isisindo esiphezulu sepayipi ngalinye lensimbi akufanele libe likhulu kune-25 kg. Kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ekudleni izimbobo kumapayipi ensimbi.
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2. Ama-fasteners
(1) Ama-fasteners amasha kufanele abe nelayisense yokukhiqiza, isitifiketi sekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nombiko wokuhlola. Ama-fasteners amadala kufanele ahlolwe ngekhwalithi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa. Labo abanemifantu noma ukuguquguquka kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa. Ama-bolts anokuslayidwa kufanele athathelwe indawo. Bobabili ama-fasteners amasha nabadala kufanele aphathwe ngokuvimbela ukugqwala. Ukulungisa ama-fasteners acocekile kanye nama-fasteners awonakele futhi athathe isikhundla sokushintshana ngesikhathi. Ukufaka i-bolts kuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kalula.
(2) indawo efanelekayo ye-fastener nepayipi lensimbi kufanele lixhumana kahle. Lapho i-fastener ingena ngepayipi lensimbi, ibanga elincane phakathi kokuvuleka kufanele libe ngaphansi kwe-5mm. Ama-fasteners asetshenzisiwe akumele alimale lapho amandla okuqinisa ama-bolt afinyelela ku-65n.m.
Okwesibili, izinqubo zokwakha, izindlela, kanye nezidingo ze-scaffolding
(1) Ifomu Lokubopha
Le phrojekthi isebenzisa i-16 # i-beam cantilevered eyodwa pole kanye nomugqa ongaphandle wangaphandle. Ibanga lesinyathelo se-cantilever scaffolding yi-1.8m, ibanga elime mpo kwezigxobo liyi-1.5m, futhi ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yangaphakathi nengaphandle yezigxobo zingu-0.85m; Ama-Crossbars amancane asethelwe ngaphansi kwamabhanoyi amakhulu awela, ibanga phakathi kwama-crossbars amakhulu angaphandle angu-0.9m, futhi ibanga phakathi kwama-crossbars amakhulu angaphakathi ngu-1.8m. I-crossbar evundlile ingezwe maphakathi ne-crossbar encane.
(2) Inqubo yokusongela nenqubo yokwakha
1. Ukubekwa kwe-Shelf Cantilever Beams
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(2) Setha futhi isikhundla ngokuya ngezidingo zebanga ezimile nezivundlile ze-scaffolding.
(3) Beka imishayo yemishayo ye-cantilever ngamunye ngamunye. Ngemuva kokuba kufakwa imishayo, izintambo zidonswa bese zibekwa, bese zifakwa bese zifakwa ngemigoqo yensimbi.
(4) Lapho uphakamisa ugongolo, uphakamise ngobumnene ukuze unciphise umthelela ekuphepheni kokuphambuka kokhonkolo.
2. Scaffolding erection ukulandelana
Setha izigxobo eziqonde mpo ngakuqala kusuka emaphethelweni okuphela kwesakhiwo Imigoqo emikhulu evundlile esinyathelweni sokuqala (lalela ukuqinisa isigcawu ngasinye vertical) → Faka imigoqo emincane evundlile esinyathelweni sesibili → Xhuma izinduku ngakunye (kokubili ubude)
3. Izinto okufanele ziqaphele lapho kusungulwa ukuqina
(1) Ngaphambi kokulungisa ukuphela okuphansi kwesigxobo, mbefa ucingo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isigxobo simile mpo.
. Ngemuva kokuthi isinyathelo ngasinye sokwehla, lungisa ibanga lesinyathelo, ibanga elithe mpo, ibanga elivundlile, kanye ne-verticality of the izigxobo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihlangabezana nezidingo, bese usetha izidingo zodonga bese ziqala isinyathelo esedlule.
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(3) izindlela zokuqamba ama-scafting nezidingo
1. Izidingo zokuqalisa isigxobo esishukumisayo: Isigxobo esisheshayo esisheshayo sihleliwe esigxotsheni mpo ngaphandle kwe-100mm kude ne-epithelium eyisisekelo usebenzisa ama-fasteners angenayo. Induku evundlile evundlile ihlelwe esigxotsheni mpo ngokushesha ngokushesha ngaphansi kwenduku ekhukhuzayo ende usebenzisa ama-fasteners alungile.
2. Izidingo ze-Pole Erection:
(1) Amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziselwa izigxobo kumele ahlanganiswe ngopende wokulwa nokugqwala, futhi amapayipi ensimbi avumelekile. Isigxobo mpo kufanele okungenani sibe yi-1.5-1.8M ephakeme kunendawo yokusebenza.
. Ama-butt fasteners ezigxotsheni mpo kufanele ahlelwe ngendlela emangazayo. Amalunga ezigxobo ezimbili eziseduze akufanele asethwe ekuvumelaniseni. Ibanga eligxilile ekuqondisweni kokuphakama kwamalunga akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-500mm, futhi ibanga phakathi kwesikhungo salowo nalowo kanye nendawo enkulu akufanele ibe nkulu kune-1/3 yebanga lesinyathelo.
I-3. Izidingo ezinkulu ze-Crossbar Erection:
. Ubude bawo akufanele bube ngaphansi kwama-span ama-3. Esinyathelweni esifanayo sokwehla, imigoqo enkulu evundlile kufanele izungezwe nxazonke futhi ilungiswe ngezigxobo zekona elingaphakathi nangaphandle.
(2) Izindlela ezinemininingwane zokuhlangana okukhulu kwebharikhodi Amalunga we-butt kufanele ahlelwe ngendlela emangazayo futhi akufanele atholakale endaweni efanayo. Ibanga elivundlile phakathi kwamalunga aseduze akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-500mm. Amalunga kufanele axhunywe ezigodini eziseduzane. Ibanga akufanele libe likhulu kune-1/3 yesikhala sePole.
4. Izidingo zokuqalisa ama-Crossbars amancane:
Kumele kufakwe ibha encane evundlile endaweni enkulu (ukuhlangana kwesigxobo mpo kanye nebha enkulu evundlile) bese kufakwa engxenyeni engenhla yomugqa omkhulu ovundlile usebenzisa ama-fasteners alungile. Ubude obuqhamukayo bokuphela kwangaphandle ngeke bube ngaphansi kwe-100mm, nobude bokuphela kokuphela kodonga ngeke lube ngaphansi kwe-100mm. Ngaphansi kwama-200mm, ibanga eliya endaweni yokuhlobisa odongeni akufanele ibe likhulu kune-100mm. Ibanga phakathi kwe-eksisi yenduku ne-node enkulu akufanele kube mkhulu kune-150mm.
I-5. Izidingo zokufaka ze-Fasterer:
(1) Ukucaciswa kwama-fastener kumele kufane nobubanzi obungaphandle kwepayipi lensimbi.
(2) I-torque eqinisekisayo yama-fasteners kufanele ibe ngu-40-50n.m, futhi inani eliphakeme akufanele lidlule ku-60n.m Kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-fastener ngayinye ihlangabezana nezidingo.
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(5) Ubude benduku ngayinye buqeda ukuvela emaphethelweni wesembozo se-fastener ngeke kube ngaphansi kwe-100mm.
I-6. Izidingo zokubopha phakathi kwesakhiwo nokwakha isakhiwo
(1) Ifomu lesakhiwo Induku ethathiwe kufanele isethwe esigxotsheni esithe mpo bese idonsa izigxobo zangaphakathi nezingaphandle ngasikhathi ngasikhathi sinye. Izinduku zokubopha zihlelwe ngokuvundlile. Lapho zingahlelwanga ngokuvundlile, ukuphela okuxhumeke ku-scaffolding kufanele kuxhumeke esithambekeni sehla futhi kungaphezulu.
. I-scaffolding kumele ixhumeke ngokuqinile emzimbeni oyinhloko wesakhiwo. Lapho usetha, zama ukusondelana ne-node eyinhloko ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ibanga ukusuka endaweni enkulu akufanele libe likhulu kune-300mm. Kumele kusungulwe kusuka kubha enkulu yokuqala yesiphambano ezansi elungiselelweni elimise okwenziwa ngamadayimane.
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7. Ungayisetha kanjani ama-braces scissor
. I-Scipror Brace ngayinye ixhumeke ezigodini ezi-5 ezimile. Ama-braces eScissor kufanele akhiwe ngasikhathi sinye ngezigxobo ezimile, izigxobo ezinkulu ezivundlile, izigxobo ezincane ezivundlile, njll.
. Ibanga phakathi komugqa wesikhungo se-fastener ejikelezayo kanye ne-node enkulu akufanele kube mkhulu kune-150mm. Ngaphezu kokuqinisa iziphetho ezimbili zenduku ethambekele esigxobeni esivele mpo, amaphuzu angu-2-5 agqwayiza kufanele angezwe phakathi. Ibanga lokuxhumana phakathi kokuphela okuphansi kwenduku ethambekele nesigxobo esithe mpo ngeke kube mkhulu kune-500mm. I-angle ethambekele phakathi kwesigxobo esithambekele nomhlabathi kufanele kube phakathi kuka-45 ° -60 °.
(3) Ubude bokwesekwa kweScissor buzoqoqwa, futhi ubude bokugqagqana ngeke bube ngaphansi kwemitha eyi-1. Ama-fasteners amathathu azohlelwa ngokulingana, futhi ama-fasteners azogoqeka ekugcineni kwepayipi lensimbi elingaphansi kwe-100 mm.
8. Ukubekwa kwamabhodi wokubopha
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(2) Indlela yokubeka: amabhodi okuthuka kufanele abekwe. Kumelwe kubekwe ngaphansi kwamabhanoyi amabili amancane ngaphansi kwamalunga amapulangwe athukiwe abhekene nawo. Ubude besandiso samabhodi wokubopha ama-scaffolding ngu-130 ~ 150mm. Isamba sobude bokunwebeka kwamabhodi amabili okusika ama-scaffolding akufanele abe mkhulu kune-300mm; Lapho amabhodi wokuphakamisa aqoshwe futhi abekwe, amalunga kumele asekelwe kwi-crossbar encane, ubude be-overlap kufanele babe ngaphezu kwama-200mm, futhi ubude bungenwe ngaphandle kwe-crossbar encane akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-100mm. Amapulangwe athukayo emakhoneni kufanele afakwe ngokuphamba. I-scaffolding probe ihlelwe ku-crossbar enkulu nge-18 # iron wire. Amabhodi wokubopha emakhoneni akhona emakhoneni nasekuvuleleni kwesikhulumi sendawo kufanele axhunywe ngokuthembekile kuma-crossbars amancane ukuvimbela ukuslayida.
(3) Ungqimba wokwakha kumele lumbozwe ngamabhodi okubuka.
9. Ukuvalwa kwangaphakathi nokuvikelwa kwangaphandle kwefreyimu yokuqothula
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(2) Inetha lokuphepha eliminyene kumele lifakwe ngokuvundlile nangokuqhubekayo kusuka phansi kuya phezulu ngaphakathi kwesigxobo sangaphandle se-scaffold.
. Le phrojekthi isebenzisa amafomu okhuni ukuze kuvalwe.
(4) Izidingo zekhwalithi yokwakhiwa kwesikali
1. I-Pole Verticity ukuphambuka: ukuphambuka kwe-vertiality yesigxobo akufanele kube kukhulu kune-H / 300, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, inani lokuphambuka ngokuphelele akufanele libe likhulu kune-75mm. Ukuphambuka okuphakeme ngeke kube kukhulu kune-H / 300 futhi ngeke kube nkulu kune-100mm.
2. Ukuphambuka okuvundlile kwama-crossbars amakhulu: Umehluko wokuphakama phakathi kweziphetho ezimbili ze-crossbar enkulu awukwazi ukwedlula i-20mm. Ukuphambuka okuvundlile kwama-crossbars amakhulu akufanele kube kukhulu kune-1/300 yobude obuphelele, kanye nokuphambuka kweflethi lonke akufanele kudlule ± 100mm. Umehluko wokuphakama phakathi kwemigoqo emibili emikhulu yesipani esifanayo ngeke ube mkhulu kune-10mm;
I-3. Ukuphambuka okuvundlile kwe-crossbar encane ngeke kube kukhulu kune-10 mm, futhi ukuphambuka kobude bokunwetshwa ngeke kube kukhulu kuno -10 mm.
I-4. Ukuphambuka kwebanga lesinyathelo sokuqothula kanye nebanga elivundlile lezigxobo ngeke zibe zikhulu kune-20mm, futhi ukuphambuka kwebanga elimile lezigxobo ngeke kube ezinkulu kune-50mm.
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I-6. Inetha lokuphepha kufanele lisebenzise imikhiqizo efanelekile futhi liboshwe ngokuqinile. Akumele kube khona ukulimala noma ukubopha okungaphelele.
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Okwesithathu, izindlela zobuchwepheshe zezobuchwepheshe ze-Scaffolting Erection futhi zisetshenziswe
1 Abasebenzi emsebenzini kufanele babe nezivivinyo ezijwayelekile zomzimba, futhi yilabo kuphela abaphumelela ukuhlolwa abangakuthatha umsebenzi ngesitifiketi.
2. Abasebenzi be-Scaffolding kumele bagqoke izigqoko zokuphepha, amabhande esihlalo, nezicathulo ezingezona ezisele ngendlela efanele. Lapho kusungulwa imichilo, uthango, kanye nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso kufanele kusethwe emhlabathini, futhi abasebenzi abaqokiwe kufanele babelwe ukubagada. Abangenzi abasebenzi anqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukungena.
3. Izinga lezakhi kanye nokwakhiwa kokwakheka kwe-scaffolding kuzohlolwa futhi kwamukelwe, futhi kuzosetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokudlula ekuhlolweni.
4. Lapho usebenzisa i-scaffolding, izinto ezilandelayo kufanele zihlolwe njalo:
① Ukuthi ukulungiselelwa nokuxhumeka kwezinduku, ukwakheka kokuxhuma izingxenye zodonga, ukusekela, ama-trusses okuvula emnyango, njll. Hlangana nezidingo;
② Ukuthi kukhona ukunqwabelana kwamanzi esisekelweni, ngabe isisekelo sikhululekile, nokuthi isigxobo simisiwe;
③Usizo izimbotshana ze-fastener;
Ukuthi ukuchezu kwendawo kanye ne-verticality yesigxobo mpo kuhlangana nemithethonqubo;
⑤ Izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuvikelwa zokuphepha zihlangabezana nezidingo;
⑥ Ukuthi kugcwele kakhulu.
5. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-scaffolding, kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukususa izinduku ezilandelayo:
① Ibha enkulu evundlile, ibha elincane elivundlile, izindonga eziqonde phezulu nezivundlile endaweni enkulu;
Izingxenye ezixhumeka kakhulu.
6. Lapho usebenza eshalofini, abasebenzi kufanele banake ukuphepha kwabo futhi bavikele ukuphepha kwabanye ukugwema ukushayisana, izingozi, nezinto eziwayo; Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukudlala eshalofini futhi kuphumule ezindaweni ezingaphephile njengokuhlala ojazile.
7. Kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukufaka ama-cubes ezinkuni, amapayipi ensimbi, ama-fasteners, ama-jacks, imigoqo yensimbi, nezinye izinto zokwakha ekhasini le-cantilever.
8. Kuvunyelwe ngokuphelele kunoma yiliphi iqembu ukuxhuma ifreyimu yangaphandle ohlelweni olugcwele lwehholo.
9. Lapho uhlela uhlaka lwangaphandle, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kwesikhathi kuqinile. Uma kunemvula enkulu kanye nesimo sezulu esinomoya futhi umsebenzi udinga ukumiswa, ukuqina kohlaka kufanele kuqinisekiswe.
10. UMSEBENZI kumele amiswe ngesikhathi semvula enkulu, imimoya enamandla, nokuduma kwesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu, futhi akukho ukwakhiwa okuyingozi okuvunyelwe.
11. Uma isikhathi sokuvala isikhathi side, lapho uhlaka lwangaphandle lusetshenziswa futhi, kufanele luhlolwe futhi lwamukelwe futhi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
12. Uhlaka lwangaphandle lwangaphandle kumele lwenziwe ngokuya ngohlelo.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-15-2024