1. Izinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile
1.0.1 Lokhu kucaciswa kwakhiwa ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kokwakha.
1.0.2 Lokhu kukhethwa, ukuklama, ukwakheka, ukusetshenziswa, ukusatshalaliswa, ukuhlola, nokwamukelwa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nezinto zokwakha imidwebo yokwakha kumele zihambisane nalokhu kucaciswa.
I-1.0.3 Scaffolding kufanele ibe izinzile futhi ithembeke ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa okubushelelezi kanye nokuphepha kokwakhiwa kobunjiniyela, futhi kufanele kulandele le migomo elandelayo:
① Ukuhambisana nezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke ekulondolozeni izinsizakusebenza nokusetshenziswa, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuvimbela inhlekelele kanye nokunciphisa, ukuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo, njll;
② Qinisekisa wena, impahla, kanye nokuphepha komphakathi;
Khuthaza ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokwenziwa okusha kwe-scaffolding.
1.0.4 Ukuthi ngabe izindlela zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo ezemukelwa ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela zihlangabezana nezidingo zalokhu okucacisiwe kuzonqunywa yizinhlaka ezifanele. Phakathi kwazo, izindlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo kuzokhonjiswa futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza ezifanele kulolu ncazelo.
2. Izinto zokwakha nezakhi
2.0.1 Izinkomba zokusebenza kwezinto zokwakha ama-scaffolding kanye nezinto zizohlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa okucashile, futhi ikhwalithi izohlangabezana nezinhlinzeko zamazinga ezizwe afanele.
2.0.2 Izinto zokuphamba kanye nezinto kufanele zibe nemibhalo yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
2.0.3 Izinduku nezinto ezisetshenziswa ku-scaffoldolding kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokubambisana futhi kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo zendlela yomhlangano nesakhiwo.
2.0.4 Izinto zokubopha izikebhe nezinto kufanele zihlolwe, zihlukaniswe, zigcinwe futhi zisetshenziswe ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuphila kwenkonzo. Imikhiqizo engafaneleki kufanele idwetshwe ngokushesha futhi ibhalwe phansi.
I-2.0.5 yezinto zokwenziwa kanye nezingxenye zokusebenza kwazo ezingenakunqunywa ngokuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo, ukuhlolwa kokubukeka, nokuhlolwa kokukalwa, ukusebenza kwawo ukucindezela kufanele kunqunywe ngokuhlolwa.
3. Design
3.1 Izinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile
3.1.1 Idizayini yokuqothula kufanele isebenzise indlela yokuklama kombuso osuselwa ekuthini i-theory enhle futhi kufanele ibalwe kusetshenziswa isichasiso sokwakhiwa okuyingxenye.
3.1.2 Isakhiwo esilawulayo kufanele senzelwe ngokwesimo sokugcina samandla okuthola kanye nesimo somkhawulo wokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile.
3.1.3 Isisekelo sokubopha ukuhambisana nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
Iyoba isicaba futhi iqinile, futhi izohlangabezana nezidingo zokuthwala amandla nokushintshana;
Izinyathelo zokudonsa amanzi zizosethwa, futhi indawo yokwenziwa ngeke ifakwe emanzini;
③ Kuzothathwa izindlela zokugcina u-Heave kuzothathwa ngenkathi kwakhiwa ubusika.
3.1.4 Amandla kanye nodoti wesakhiwo sobunjiniyela esisekela ukugcotshwa kanye nesakhiwo sobunjiniyela lapho okunamathiselwe khona i-scaffolding kuyo izoqinisekiswa. Lapho ukuqinisekiswa kungakwazi ukufeza izidingo ezithwala ukuphepha, izindlela ezihambisanayo zizothathwa ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuqinisekisa.
4. Layisha
4.2.1 Imithwalo ethathwe yi-scaffolding izofaka imithwalo yaphakade kanye nemithwalo eguquguqukayo.
4.2.2 Imithwalo ehlala njalo ye-scaffolding izofaka okulandelayo:
① Isisindo esifile sesakhiwo sokuhlasela;
Isisindo esifile sezesekeli ezifana namabhodi okusika, amanetha okuphepha, izitimela, njll;
Isisindo esifile sezinto ezisekelwa yi-scaffolding esekelayo;
④ Eminye imithwalo yaphakade.
4.2.3 Umthwalo oguquguqukayo we-scaffolding uzobandakanya okulandelayo:
Umthwalo wokwakha;
② umthwalo womoya;
③ Eminye imithwalo eguquguqukayo.
4.2.4 Inani elijwayelekile lomthwalo oguquguqukayo we-scaffolding lizohambisana nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Inani elijwayelekile lomthwalo wokwakha ku-scaflolding esebenzayo lizonqunywa ngokuya ngesimo sangempela;
② lapho izingqimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezisebenzayo zisebenza ekusebenzeni kokusebenza ngasikhathi sinye, inani lamanani ajwayelekile omthwalo wokwakha wohlobo ngalunye lokusebenza ngendlela efanayo
③ Inani elijwayelekile lomthwalo wokwakha kulolu hlelo lokusekelwa luzonqunywa ngokuya ngesimo sangempela;
④ Inani elijwayelekile lomthwalo oguquguqukayo wemishini, amathuluzi nezinye izinto ezihambayo ku-scaffolding ezisekelayo zizobalwa ngokuya ngesisindo sazo.
4.2.5 Lapho ubala inani elijwayelekile lomthwalo womoya ovundlile, umphumela wokukhuphula we-pulsation womthwalo womoya uzobhekelwa izakhiwo ezikhethekile eziphakeme ezifana nezakhiwo eziphakeme ze-tower nezakhiwo ze-cantilever.
4.2.6 Ngomthwalo oshukumisayo ku-scaffold, i-Deadweight yezinto ezivuthazayo nezinomthelela kuzokwandiswa ngokuhlanganiswa okunamandla okusebenza ngo-1.35 bese kufakwa kwinani elijwayelekile lomthwalo oguquguqukayo.
4.2.7 Lapho uklama i-scaffold, imithwalo izohlanganiswa ngokuya ngezidingo zokubalwa zesimo sokugcina se-bearing stage kanye nesimo sokugcina esingesihle kakhulu sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa noma ukudiliza.
4.3 Idizayini yesakhiwo
4.3.1 Ukubalwa kwedizayini kwe-scaffold kuzokwenziwa ngokuya ngemibandela yangempela yephrojekthi, futhi imiphumela izohlangabezana nezidingo zamandla, ukuqina, kanye nokuqina kwesihlahla.
4.3.2 Idizayini nokubalwa kwesakhiwo esivuthisiwe kufanele kukhethe okumele kakhulu kanye nezinduku ezingathandeki kanye nezinto ngokuya ngezimo zokwakha, bese usebenzisa isigaba esingesihle kakhulu njengesimo sokusebenza esingesihle kakhulu njengezimo ezingezinhle kakhulu njengemibandela yokubala. Ukukhethwa kweyunithi yokubala kufanele kuhambisane nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Izinduku nezinto ezinamandla amakhulu kufanele zikhethwe;
② Izinduku nezinto eziguqukayo ngoshintsho lwe-span, izikhala, iJiyomethri, kanye nezimpawu zokuthwala umthwalo kufanele zikhethwe;
③ Izinduku nezinto eziguqukayo ngoshintsho lwesakhiwo sohlaka noma amaphuzu abuthakathaka kufanele kukhethwe;
Uma kunomthwalo ohlanganisiwe ku-scaffolding, izinduku nezinto ezinamandla amakhulu ngaphakathi kohlu lomthwalo ohlanganisiwe kufanele kukhethwe.
4.3.3 Amandla ezinduku zokushushuluza kanye nezinto kufanele zibalwe ngokuya ngeNet Cond; Ukuqina nokuguqulwa kwezinduku nezinto kufanele kubalwe ngokuya ngesigaba esikhulu.
4.3.4 Lapho i-scaffoldolding yakhelwe ngokuya ngesimo sokugcina samandla okuthela, inhlanganisela yomthwalo oyisisekelo kanye nenani lokuklama kwamandla ezibonakalayo kufanele lisetshenziselwe ukubalwa. Lapho i-scaffoldolding iklanyelwe ngokuya ngesimo somkhawulo sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, inhlanganisela yomthwalo ojwayelekile kanye nomkhawulo we-deformation kufanele isetshenziselwe ukubalwa.
4.3.5 Ukuhlanekezelwa okuvumelekile kwamalungu agobayo we-scaffolding kuzohambisana nemithetho efanele.
Qaphela: l yindawo ebaliwe yelungu lokugoba, futhi ngelungu le-cantilever libili ubude be-cantilever.
4.3.6 I-scaffoldold esekelwa ifomethi izokwakhiwa futhi ibalwe ukuze ikwazi ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ngokuya ngemibandela yokwakha, futhi inani lezingqimba zokusekelwa zizonqunywa ngokuya ngezimo zokusebenza ezingathandeki kakhulu.
4.4 Izidingo Zokwakha
4.4.1 Izindlela zokwakha zokwakhiwa komswakama kufanele zibe ezinengqondo, ziqedwe futhi ziqede, futhi zizoqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kohlaka kucacile futhi amandla afanayo.
4.4.2 Izindawo zokuxhumana zezinduku zokuhlanza izinduku zibe namandla anele nokuqina okujikelezayo, nezindawo zohlaka ngeke zikhululeke ngesikhathi sempilo yenkonzo.
4.4.3 Isikhala se-spacesing ne-step ebangeni lokuphamba ama-scaffolding azonqunywa ngokwakhiwa.
4.4.4 Izindlela zokuvikelwa kokuphepha zizothathwa engxenyeni yokusebenza e-scaffolding, futhi zizohambisana nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Ungqimba olusebenzayo lwe-scaffolding esebenzayo, isendlalelo esigcwele esisekela ukuswayipha, nokuphakanyiswa okunamathiselwe kokuphakamisa kuzombozwa ngokugcwele amabhodi ama-scaffolding futhi kuzohlangabezana nezidingo zokuqina nokwethembeka. Lapho ibanga phakathi komphetho wesendlalelo sokusebenza kanye nendawo yangaphandle yesakhiwo inkulu kune-150mm, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela.
② I-Steel Scaffolding Boards exhunywe yizingwegwe kufanele ifakwe amadivayisi wokuzikhiya futhi ikhiyiwe ngemigoqo evundlile yesendlalelo sokusebenza.
③ Amabhodi wokubopha amapulangwe, amabhodi wokubopha ama-bamboo scaffolding, amabhodi okubuka ama-bamboo kufanele axhaswe yimigoqo ethembekile evundlile futhi kufanele aboshwe ngokuqinile.
④ Guarderails namaboardboards kufanele kusethwe emaphethelweni angaphandle wesendlalelo sokusebenza esise scaffolting.
Izinyathelo zokuvalwa kufanele zithathwe amabhodi aphansi avuthayo wokusebenza okusebenzayo.
⑥ Ungqimba lokuvikelwa okuvundlile kufanele kusethwe njalo phansi ezi-3 noma ukuphakama kokungaphezu kwe-10m esakhiweni sokwakha.
⑦ Ingaphandle lesendlalelo sokusebenza kufanele livalwe ngenetha lokuphepha. Lapho kusetshenziselwa inetha lokuphepha eliminyene lokuvalwa, inetha lokuphepha eliminyene kufanele lihlangabezane nezidingo ze-Flame Retardant.
⑧ ingxenye yebhodi lokuphamba le-scaffolding elethelwa ngaphesheya kwebha elivundlile akufanele libe likhulu kune-200mm.
4.4.5 Izigxobo ezimile ezansi kwe-scaffolding kufanele zifakwe izigxobo ezinde nezintendezelisiwe ezintangayo, futhi izigxobo ezishanela kufanele zixhumeke ngokuqinile ezigodini eziseduze.
4.4.6 Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kuzohlonyiswa ngamathayi odonga ngokuya ngesibalo sokwakha kanye nezidingo zokwakha, futhi kuzohlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo:
① Izibopho zodonga zizoba yizakhi eziqinile ezingamelana nengcindezi nokungezwani, futhi zizoxhunyaniswa ngokuqinile esakhiweni sobunjiniyela nohlaka;
Isikhala esivundlile sodonga, izibopho zodonga ngeke zidlule ama-spans ama-3, isikhala esithe mpo asiyikudlula izinyathelo ezi-3, nokuphakama kohlaka olungaphezulu kohlobo lwalodonga olungelona ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezi-2;
③ Izibopho zodonga zizongezwa emakhoneni zozimele kanye nemikhawulo yohlobo olusebenzayo olusebenzayo. Isikhala esithe mpo sodonga, izibopho zodonga ngeke zibe zikhulu kunele ndawo yokwakha phansi, futhi ngeke ibe zinkulu kune-4M.
4.4.7 Ama-braces amile azofakwa kwi-facade yangaphandle ende ye-scade yokusebenza futhi azohambisana nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Ububanzi besiketi ngasinye abase-Scissors buzoba yi-Space esingu-4 kuya kwayi-6, futhi ngeke bube ngaphansi kuka-6m noma ngaphezulu kuka-9m; I-angle ethambekele phakathi kwesiketi se-brace brace diagonal rod kanye nendiza evundlile kuzoba phakathi kuka-45 ° no-60 °;
Lapho ukuphakama kwe-erection kungaphansi kwama-24m, kuzofakwa umfutho wesikere kuwo womabili ama-Uhlaka, amakhona, naphakathi kwalo lonke u-15m, futhi uzofakwa ngokuqhubekayo kusuka phansi kuya phezulu; Lapho ukuphakama kwe-erection kungama-24m nangaphezulu, kuzofakwa ngokuqhubekayo kusuka phansi kuya phezulu kulo lonke i-facade yangaphandle;
③ I-Cantilever Scaffolding kanye nokuphakamisa ukuphakamisa ukuswayipha kuzofakwa ngokuqhubekayo kusuka phansi kuya phezulu kulo lonke i-facade yangaphandle.
4.4.8 Phansi kwe-cantilever scaffolding pole kuzoxhunywa ngokuthembekile esakhiweni sokusekela se-cantilever; Induku ebabazekayo ende izofakwa ezansi kwesigxobo, futhi izikebhe ezivundlile noma izikebhe ezivundlile zizofakwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
4.4.9 Ukuphakanyiswa kokuphakamisa okunamathiselwe kuzohambisana nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Uhlaka oluphambili olusemqoka kanye ne-truss esekelayo evundlile kufanelekwamukela i-truss noma isakhiwo sohlaka oluqinile, futhi izinduku zizoxhunywa ngokushiswa noma izimbotshana;
② Ukulwa nokutakula, ukuwa, ukumisa phansi, ukuthwala, kanye namadivayisi wokulawula wokuphakanyiswa kokuphakanyiswa kuzofakwa, futhi zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi zizozwela futhi zithembeke;
③ Ukuxhaswa kodonga kuzosethwa esitezi ngasinye esimbozwe ngohlaka oluphambili; Ukuxhaswa ngakunye kodonga kuzokwazi ukuthwala umthwalo ogcwele wohlaka olumqoka olum mpo;
④ Lapho kusetshenziswa imishini yokuphakamisa kagesi, ibanga eliqhubekayo lokuphakamisa imishini yokuphakamisa kagesi lizoba likhulu kunokuphakama kwesitezi esisodwa, futhi lizoba nokubopha nokubeka imisebenzi.
4.4.10 Izinyathelo ezithembekile zokuqiniswa kwezinhlelo ezithembekile zizothathwa zizothathwa kulezi zingxenye ezilandelayo zokusebenza okusebenzayo:
① Ukuxhumeka phakathi kokunamathiselwe kanye nokusekelwa kwesakhiwo sobunjiniyela;
② ekhoneni lesakhiwo sendiza;
③ Ukunqanyulwa noma ukuvulwa kwezikhungo ezinjengombhoshongo, ama-liftors ezokwakha kanye namapulatifomu ezibonakalayo;
④ ingxenye lapho ukuphakama kwaphansi kukhulu kunokuphakama okuthe mpo kokuxhumeka odongeni;
⑤ Izinto ezivelelayo zesakhiwo sobunjiniyela zithinta ukwakheka okujwayelekile kohlaka. 4.4.11 Izindlela zokuvikela kanzima ezisebenza kanzima kufanele zithathwe e-facade yangaphandle namakhona okuqala okubheke emgwaqweni.
4.4.12 Isilinganiso esiphakeme sokuphakama kohlaka oluzimele lwe-scaffolting esekelayo akufanele lube lukhulu kune-3.0.
4.4.13 I-scaffolding esekelayo kufanele ifakwe ama-braces mpo nasezivundzeki
① Ukuhlelwa kwe-Scissor Brace kufanele kube umfaniswano nokulingana;
② Ububanzi be-brace yeScissor yeScissor ngayinye kufanele kube ngu-6m ~ 9m, futhi i-angle yokuthambekela ye-Scissor Brace brace diagonal rodal kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-45 ° no-60 °.
4.4.14 Izinduku ezivundlile zokwesekwa kwe-scaffoldolding kufanele zihlale zisethwe ngokuqhubekayo eduze nobude obude kanye nobude obunje ngebanga lesinyathelo futhi kufanele lixhunywe ngokuqinile ezinduku eziseduze.
4.4.15 Ubude be-Base Supperable Suppeable and Support Support Screw lifakwe esigxotsheni sokubopha akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-150mm, futhi ubude besandiso sesikulufa sokulungiswa kufanele bunqunywe ukubala futhi kufanele bahambisane nezinhlinzeko ezilandelayo:
① Lapho ububanzi bepayipi lensimbi efakiwe bungama-42mm, ubude bokunwetshwa akufanele bube bukhulu kuno-200mm;
Lapho ububanzi bepayipi lensimbi elifakiwe bungama-48.3mm nangaphezulu, ubude besandiso akufanele bube bukhulu kune-500mm.
4.4.16 Igebe eliphakathi kwesisekelo esiguqukayo nesikulufa sokuxhaswa okuguqukayo esifakwe kwiphayipu yensimbi ye-scaffolting yensimbi akufanele ibe likhulu kune-2,5mm.
Isikhathi Seposi: Jan-17-2025