Abahitanwa na bakomeye batewe no gusenyuka kw'ibice byihuta bizasubirwamo kandi byanze bikunze. Impamvu zirashobora kuvugwa mu ncamake ku buryo bukurikira:
Ubwa mbere, ireme ryibyuma byihuta cyane mugihugu cyanjye birakomeye. Imbonerahamwe 5.1.7 Mu kwerekana JGJ130-2001 kumenyekanisha ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ikibuto ni 3.2kn, n'ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ski-ski-skir na ropring ni 8kn. Impuguke zimwe ziboneka ku bugenzuzi bw'urubuga kuburyo bigoye kubicuruzwa muburyo bufatika kugirango bujuje ibi bisabwa. Nyuma yimpanuka ikomeye yabaye ahazubakwa, abasige bagenzuwe kandi igipimo cyanyuze ni 0%.
Icya kabiri, ireme ry'imiyoboro y'ibyuma rirakabije. Umubare munini wimiyoboro yibyuma nta kwivuza neza byatembaga ku isoko. Kubera ko batamejwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura neza, ibicuruzwa ntibishobora gutanga ireme ryumutwaro usanzwe usanzwe, urenga cyane ihame ryinzego zeru. Mubyongeyeho, mubyukuri, kubera amarushanwa arenganya yateje ibiciro byubaka no gukodesha ibigo kugirango ukoreshe imiyoboro yuzuye yicyuma, kandi imishinga imwe n'imwe no gukoresha imiyoboro isebanya yo guswera. Ibi byateje intego nziza yumutekano wicyuma cyihuta uswera kugirango utange rwose. Bamwe mu bahanga bagenzuye imiyoboro y'ibyuma nyuma yimpanuka ikomeye mumushinga runaka, kandi igipimo cyanyuze cyari 50% gusa.
Icya gatatu, hari ibibazo bijyanye no kugaburira urubuga no gucunga umutekano wubwubatsi. Ibiranga porogaramu byoroshye kandi bitandukanye byo gufunga ibyuma byihuta kandi bizana ibintu byinshi bidashidikanywaho muburyo bwo kugaburira kurubuga no kubaka. Ibigo bitandukanye byumutekano biterwa no kubura ubuyobozi, kubura amahugurwa, kubura amategeko, no kubura inshingano ziterwa namasezerano yatanzwe ni menshi cyane kubarura.
Kane, gusaba nabi. Ukurikije uburambe bwibihugu byateye imbere, gufunga-ibyuma byo gufunga birashobora gukoreshwa gusa kubahuza na scasssos kuri scal-scaffolding, hamwe na disiki-scafolding. Ntigomba gukoreshwa mugushiraho igipimo kinini-kinini. Sisitemu yo guswera ntishobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gushyigikira hamwe nibisabwa byinshi bitanga imitwaro. Kubyerekeye umwanditsi arabizi, ntanumwe murimwe woroshye - ubwoko bwamavururo agera kuri 10% yijwi ryibicuruzwa byacu bikoreshwa mugushiraho igipimo kinini cyangwa sisitemu yo gushyigikira. Muri Amerika, ndetse no kubaka no gufata neza mu majwi ya vino y'amagorofa abiri akoresha amakadiri. Ntabwo twigeze tubona ikoreshwa ryibyuma byihuta-imiyoboro yo kubaka ibyubaka. Impamvu iroroshye. Niba ushyizwe muri ubu buryo, ndetse nubwiza bwibipimo byabanyamerika bihambiriye hamwe nicyuma cyuzuye ibyuma byujuje ibyangombwa byuzuye. Ariko, kubera ko gahunda yo kohamamation igoye kubisanzwe, inzira yo kugatsa ntabwo igenzurwa kubera amakuru menshi yintoki numutekano bidashobora kwizerwa. Mugihe kimwe, ugereranije na portal cyangwa Bowl-buckle scafolding, umubare wumurimo na steel yakoreshejwe yikubye kabiri. , bikaviramo kwiyongera gukabije mugiciro cyose cyumushinga no guta agaciro gasaba imikorere yubukungu.
Icya gatanu, icyerekezo kidasanzwe. "Umuyoboro wa JGJ130-211 Umutekano wa tekiniki wo gufunga ibyuma byihuta mu kubaka Repubulika y'Ubushinwa ku ya 1 Gashyantare 2001. Igenagura no gusenya gucika intege mugihugu cyanjye. Igishushanyo nubwubatsi byari bifite ingaruka zikomeye. Abakozi ba tekinike baturutse mu bice byinshi byo gushushanya no kubaka bikora uburyo bwa sisitemu n'ikigereranyo cyubwubatsi ukurikije uburyo na ibisobanuro bitangwa niri shusho. Impapuro nyinshi zasohotse zishingiye kuri iri tandukaniro kugirango baganire ku buryo bwo kugenzura neza niba umutwaro wa sisitemu yo gusaba imiyoboro ishyize mu gaciro, no gusesengura impamvu zitera impanuka zisenyuka zishingiye kuri iyi ngingo. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko nyuma yimpanuka nyinshi zasenyutse, gusubiramo ibiharuro byo kubara bishingiye kuri aya mahame biracyafite. Muyandi magambo, impanuka yo gusenyuka ntiyari kuba atariyo mpamvu. Ibi bintu biteye isoni ubwabyo biterwa nubuyobozi butari bwo kubijyanye nibicuruzwa byahinduwe. "5. Gushushanya kubara" na "6. Ibisabwa kubaka" muburyo busanzwe bitubwira uburyo bwo kubara no gukaza sisitemu nini yo guswera. Igice cya "6. 6.8. Inkunga yo gushyiraho" muburyo busanzwe iratubwira uburyo wakoresha ibyuma byihuta-byubwoko bwo guswera guswera kugirango ushireho gahunda yo gushyigikira. Iyi miti yibanze ituruka ku kuba, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru muri iki kiganiro, turacyafite imyumvire myinshi idasobanutse yubwenge busanzwemejwe nuburambe bwo gusaba ibihugu byateye imbere.
Ubuyobozi bwubwubatsi mu gihugu cyacu mu gihugu cyacu hamaze igihe kinini azi ingamba zo gucunga inshuro nyinshi kugirango tugerageze ku buryo busanzwe bwo gusaba no gutanga umusaruro wibicuruzwa, ariko izi mbaraga ntizikora neza. Kuberako impeta yihuta yicyuma yatumye agira ingaruka nyinshi kubangamira umutekano mu buryo budasanzwe, gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo bicuruzwa bigomba kuvaho, kandi ingana z'umutekano nko kuzenguruka ibikoresho bigomba gukoreshwa aho. na sisitemu ikora neza izaba ingirakamaro kugirango ikemure ikibazo. Nicyo gitekerezo cyanze bikunze mugukoresha iyubakwa ryubaka mugihugu cyanjye.
Igihe cyagenwe: APR-30-2024