Ubwa mbere, Imyiteguro
Menya ibishushanyo na gahunda yo kubaka. Mbere yo kubaka igikome, igikome gikwiye kwiga witonze ibishushanyo nubwubatsi, kandi usobanukirwe nibiranga imiterere, ibisabwa byimishinga, ibisabwa byimishinga, kugirango umenye ubwoko bwubucama, hamwe nuburyo bwumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zububiko, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zumutekano, hamwe ningamba zuzuye. Kurugero, kugirango ducecekeshejwe inyubako ndende, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu nkumuyaga uhuha hamwe ningaruka za nyamugigima, hitamo sisitemu ihamye, hanyuma ufate ingamba zishimangira. Reba ibikoresho nibikoresho. Reba ibikoresho nk'ibyuma by'ibyuma, bifunga, imbaho zica, inshundura z'umutekano, nibindi kugirango umenye neza ko ubwiza bwabo bujuje ibisabwa. Imiyoboro y'icyuma ntigomba kugira inenge nko kunama, guhindura, no gucikamo, imyuka ifunga ntigomba gucika cyangwa kwangirika, inshundura zidakwiye kwangirika cyangwa kubasaza. Muri icyo gihe, suzuma niba ibikoresho nk'ibintu, pliers, n'izuba byuzuye kandi bidahwitse kugirango bakore neza mugihe cyubwubatsi. Kurugero, mugihe ugenzura imiyoboro yibyuma, urashobora gukoresha Caliper ya Caliper gupima diameter hamwe nubunini bwurukuta kugirango babone ibipimo by'igihugu; Mugihe ufata ibyuma, urashobora gukora ibizamini bya Sampling kugirango ugerageze kunyerera, kurwanya kurimbuka, nibindi bintu.
Icya kabiri, inzira yo kubaka
Ubuvuzi bwikigo iremeza ko urufatiro rwibisebe ari imbere kandi rwizewe. Dukurikije uko ibintu nyirizina yubwubatsi, urufatiro rushyizwe hejuru kandi rweruye, kandi ingamba zo kumazi zashyizweho kugirango irinde kwerungano zitagira ingaruka ku gituza cya scaffold. Uturere dufite ubutaka bworoshye, urufatiro rufatika cyangwa udupapuro twinshi dushobora gukoreshwa kugirango twongere ubushobozi bwo kwitwasi. Kurugero, mugihe wubaka igikome gishingiye ku butaka, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ubushobozi bwo kwitwarwa umurage buhuye nibisabwa. Mubisanzwe, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira fondasiyo busabwa kuba munsi ya 80kn kuri metero kare. Kugereranya pole nicyo kintu nyamukuru cyumuraguye cyo kwiyuhagira igituba, hamwe nubwiza bwo kugereranya bigira ingaruka muburyo bwo gutuza. Incamake, uhagaritse, hamwe numwanya uhuriweho ninkingi bigomba kugenzurwa neza na gahunda yo kubaka hamwe nibisabwa. Incamake yinkingi igomba kuba itarenze metero 1.5, kandi gutandukana guhagarikwa ntibigomba kurenza 1/200 yuburebure. Ingingo zinkingi zihagaritse zigomba guhuzwa na butt yizihisha. INGINGO Z'INKINGI ZIKURIKIRA ZIDASANZWE zigomba kuba zidakwiye guhuza, kandi intera ikaze ntigomba kuba munsi ya mm 500. Kurugero, mugihe ushiraho inkingi zihagaritse, umurongo wamazi cyangwa Theodolite urashobora gukoreshwa mugukosora uhagaritse kugirango umenye neza ko inkingi zihagaritse ziri perpendicular hasi; Mugihe uhuza ingingo zinkingi zihagaritse, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko byihuse kwihuta Torque yujuje ibisabwa, bigomba kuba bitarenze 40N · m. Umurongo utambitse ukoreshwa cyane muguhuza inkingi zihagaritse no kuzamura ubusugire bwa scafolding. Incamake kandi itambitse yumubari utambitse hagomba kugenzurwa nibisabwa nibisobanuro. Incamake ya horizontal itemewe muri rusange ntabwo irenze metero 1.2, kandi gutandukana kwa horizonality ntibigomba kurenza 1/300 byumubiri. Uruhuze rwa Horizontal rugomba guhuzwa na Butt Fasts cyangwa ibisimba bifunga, uburebure bwa lap ntigomba kuba munsi ya metero 1, kandi igomba gukosorwa no gufunga 3 kuzunguruka. Kurugero, mugihe ushiraho akabari utambitse, urwego rurashobora gukoreshwa mugukosora itambitse kugirango urebe ko mu kabari ka horizontal; Mugihe uhuza ingingo za horizontal, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko byihuse kwihuta cyane mu buryo bwo kwinjiza ibisabwa kugirango birinde akabari ka horizontal kuva. Sshisssor Bracetion Rection Rections Cruce Erection ni igipimo cyingenzi kugirango wongere umutekano wo gucika intege kandi ugomba gushyirwaho kubisabwa kubisobanuro. Inguni, intera, uburyo bwo guhuza, nibindi. Umukasike Urwenya agomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa. Inguni yumukasike Ubuseri ni 45 ° kugeza kuri 60 °, kandi spacinge ntigomba kurenza metero 6. Uruhushya rwumusika rugomba guhuzwa nisize ept, uburebure bwa lap ntigomba kuba munsi ya metero 1, kandi igomba gukosorwa hamwe na 3 ifunga. Kurugero, mugihe wubatse umukasike, urashobora gukoresha umutegetsi w'inguni kugirango upime inguni kugirango umenye neza ko yujuje ibisabwa; Mugihe uhuza umukasike winyuma, menya neza ko byihuse torque ikomeza kubahiriza ibisabwa kugirango wirinde abasika kuva kunanirwa. Gushiraho ikibaho cyigituba ikibaho cyigituba ni urubuga rwa scaffolder gukora, hamwe nubuziranenge bwayo bugira ingaruka kumutekano wakazi. Ikibaho gicamo kigomba gushyirwaho ryuzuye kandi gihamye, kandi ntihagomba kubaho Inama ya Frobe. Imirongo ibiri yumusaraba muto yambukiranya igomba gushyirwaho kumurongo winama yubucamo, kandi umwanya ntugomba kurenza mm 300. Impera yinama yubucamo igomba guhambirwa insinga kandi igashyirwaho kumurongo muto kugirango wirinde ikibaho kinyerera. Kurugero, mugihe ushobora gushyira umutegetsi w'icura, urashobora gukoresha umutegetsi w'icyuma wo gupima intera ku ngingo zo kureba niba byujuje ibisabwa; Mugihe wahambiye impera yimbaho, menya neza ko insinga yongereye kubuza imbaho zivanze kuva kurekura. Kumanika Urushundura Net Net n'umutekano ni ikigo gikomeye cyo gukingira kugirango kibuze abantu n'imbuga kugwa, kandi kigomba gushonga ukurikije ibisobanuro. Ibikoresho, ibisobanuro, no kumanika uburyo bwurushundura umutekano bagomba kuba bujuje ibisabwa. Ibikoresho byurushundura umutekano bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu, kandi ibisobanuro birasanzwe muri metero 1.8 × 6. Kumanika urushundura rwumutekano bigomba gukomera no gukomera, kandi ntihagomba kubaho icyuho. Urushundura rwo hasi rugomba gushyirwaho munsi yumurongo wumutekano kugirango wirinde ibintu bigwa hepfo. Kurugero, mugihe umanitse urushundura rwumutekano, urashobora gukoresha insinga kugirango ukemure urushundura rwumutekano ku gicapo kugirango umenye neza ko urushundura rwumutekano; Mugihe ugenzura urushundura rwumutekano, menya neza ko bitangiritse cyangwa ushaje, kandi niba hari ikibazo, bigomba gusimburwa mugihe.
Icya gatatu, inzira yo gukuraho
Tera gahunda yo gukuraho mbere yo gukuraho igikona, gahunda irambuye yo gukuraho igomba gushyirwaho kugirango usobanure gukuraho urutonde, uburyo, ingamba z'umutekano, nibindi. Gahunda yo gukuraho igomba kwemezwa mbere yo kubishyira mubikorwa. Kurugero, kugirango bakureho guswera mu nyubako ndende, uburyo bwo gupfobya mubice kandi byitawe bigomba kwemezwa kugirango wirinde gucika intege cyane icyarimwe, bizatuma igituba kigomba guhinduka. Shiraho agace kaburira mugihe usenya igikona, ahantu ho kuburira bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango bibuze ko bishyize uburenganzira kwinjira. Ahantu ho kuburira hagomba kuba ibikoresho nkibimenyetso bigaragara nimiburo, kandi umuntu witanze agomba kuba yarinze kurinda. Kurugero, amabuye y'agaciro n'ibimenyetso byo kuburira birashobora gushyirwaho hirya no hino mu kuburira kugirango yibutse abahinyiriro - kwitondera umutekano; Mugihe cyo gupfobya, umuntu witanze agomba gutegurwa kugirango ashinzwe kurinda abakozi batabifitiye uburenganzira bwo kwinjira mukarere karimo gusenyuka. Gutandukanya Gutandukanya Gusebanya bigomba gukorwa muburyo bwo kumvikana mbere hanyuma bagasenyuka, ni ukuvuga imitwe ya SCES, hamwe ninkweto zumutekano, nibindi bigomba kuvaho. Mugihe cyo gusenya, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kugirango tubungabunge igiterane cyo gucika intege, kandi inkoni nyinshi ntizigomba kuvaho icyarimwe. Inkoni ihujwe ninyubako, nkabahuza urukuta, igomba gukurwaho hamwe no gusebanya kuri urwo rwego, kandi ntigomba kuvanwa mbere. Kurugero, mugihe usenya inkunga ya SCISSOS, ibyihuta hagati bigomba gukurwaho mbere, hanyuma abasige kumpande zombi kugirango babuze inkunga ya Ssisssor gusenyuka mu buryo butunguranye; Mugihe usenya inkingi vertique, inkingi ihagaritse igomba kubanza kubanza, hanyuma izimyabumenyi igomba gukurwaho kugirango ibuze inkingi ihagaritse kugwa. Gusukura ibintu no kwizirikamo ibikoresho byakuweho bigomba gusukurwa, gushyira mu mwanya, no gutondekwa mugihe, kandi bitwarwa ahantu hagenwe. Ibikoresho byakuweho ntibishobora gutaka cyangwa gutondekwa ahazubakwa ubwo buzu ugomba kwirinda kubabera umutekano wubwubatsi n'imivugo y'imico. Kurugero, imiyoboro yicyuma, ifunga, imbaho zicamo, nibindi bikoresho birashobora gukemurwa ukundi kandi bikangwa no gucunga byoroshye no gutwara abantu; Mugihe cyo gutwara abantu, hagomba kwitabwaho kugirango birinde ibikoresho bitatanye, bigatera umwanda wibidukikije n'umutekano.
Icya kane, umutekano
Urubinda rwuburinzi rwumuntu rugomba kwambara ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu nkumutekano wumutekano, umukandara wumutekano, hamwe ninkweto zidanyerera neza mugihe ukora. Ingofero z'umutekano zigomba gufatirwa imishumi, umukandara wumutekano ugomba kumanikwa hejuru kandi ugakoreshwa inkweto nkeya, kandi zidasinzira zigomba guhora zumye kandi zifite isuku. Kurugero, mugihe ukorera hejuru, menya neza ko inkoni yumukandara wumutekano imanikwa kumwanya wizewe kugirango wirinde umukandara wumutekano kugwa; Iyo ukora muminsi yimvura, wambare inkweto zidanyerera kugirango wirinde kunyerera. Irinde kugwa mu burebure iyo ukorera hejuru, witondere gukumira kugwa mu burebure. Ntugakore ahantu hatagira ibigo biririnda, kandi ntukiruke, gusimbuka, cyangwa gukina kuri scaffolds. Kurugero, mugihe ushyiraho scafolds scafolds, koresha ibikoresho byo kurinda nkumukandara wumutekano n'umugozi wumutekano kugirango umutekano wawe; Iyo ukora kuri scafolds, shyira ibikoresho nibikoresho mumifuka y'ibikoresho kandi ntugashyire kubushake kugirango wirinde ibikoresho nibikoresho byo kugwa no gukomeretsa abantu. Irinde ibintu gukubita ahazubakwa, witondere kwirinda kwikubita. Ntugaterera ibintu kuva hejuru, kandi ntugume cyangwa ngo unyure munsi yigituba. Kurugero, mugihe ubangamiye, shyira cordons kugirango ubuze abakozi badafitanye isano kwinjira mukarere karimo gusebanya; Mugihe uterura ibikoresho, koresha iminwa yujuje ibyangombwa no guhinduranya kugirango umutekano uterure ibintu. Witondere ibihe bihinduka mugihe ukora ibikorwa byamagambo, witondere ikirere. Mugihe uhuye nikirere gikabije nkimbaraga za Gale Imbaraga esheshatu cyangwa hejuru, imvura nyinshi, igihu kinini, nibindi, ibikorwa byo hejuru bigomba guhagarara. Kurugero, mubihe byumuyaga, igituba kigomba kugenzurwa kandi gishimangirwa kugirango kibuze gutwarwa numuyaga; Iyo ukora muminsi yimvura, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa muri anti-skid kugirango birinde kunyerera.
Muri make, scafolfers igomba kumenya ubumenyi runaka bwakazi n'umutekano kukazi kugirango umutekano wubwubatsi nubwiza bwubwubatsi. Muri icyo gihe, bagomba gukomeza kwiga no kunoza urwego rwa tekiniki kugira ngo bamenyere ku bijyanye n'inganda zishingiye ku kubaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jan-07-2025