Ibyuma byafatiye-ubwicanyi bukoreshwa cyane mugihugu cyacu, hamwe na konti zayo zirenga 60%. Kuri ubu ni igikome kinini cyane. Ariko, intege nke nini zubu bwoko bwa scafolding ni umutekano ukabije, akazi gake wubaka, no gukoresha ibintu byinshi. Kugeza ubu, imiyoboro igera kuri miliyoni 10 z'icyuma, ikaba yari ntoya kandi itarangwamo amashanyarazi arenga 80%, kandi umubare rusange w'ibisimba urenga miliyari 1 kugeza kuri 9,2, muri bo hafi 90%. Umubare munini wimiyoboro yicyuma kidasubirwaho kandi izimyabuzi zahindutse ibyago byumutekano mukubaka.
Nk'uko imibare ituzuye, kuva 2001 kugeza 2007, habaye impanuka zirenga 70 zirimo gusenyuka kwa gusenyuka kw'ibyuma bihumura-ubwoko bw'icyuma, hamwe n'inziti zirenga 800. Mu myaka yashize, impanuka zisenyuka zabaye impanuka zabaye buri mwaka, bikaviramo igihombo cyumutungo uremereye. Kubwibyo, abahanga hamwe nabahanga hamwe nabashoramari bavuga ko amashami yigihugu yigihugu atangiza politiki yo gukuraho ibyuma byihuta.
Impamvu ni izi zikurikira:
01. Ubwiza bw'igihugu cyanjye cyo gufunga ibyuma birakomeye
Standard JGJ1302001 mu mbonerahamwe 5.1.7 Kumenyekanisha ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ski-skid Impuguke zimwe zabonetse ziva mu bugenzuzi bw'urubuga ko bigoye kubicuruzwa muburyo bwiza bwo kuzuza iki gisabwa. Nyuma yimpanuka ikomeye yabaye ahabigenewe, abasiba bagenzuwe kandi igipimo cyagabanijwe ni 0%.
02. Ubwiza bwumuyoboro wicyuma burakomeye
Umubare munini wimiyoboro yibyuma nta kwivuza neza byatembaga ku isoko. Kuberako batamejwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura neza, ibicuruzwa ntibishobora gutanga ireme ryumutekano usanzwe umutwaro usanzwe, urenga cyane ihame ryinzego zeru. Kandi, mubyukuri, ibice byubwubatsi nuburyo bwo gukodesha biterwa namarushanwa arengana bakoresha imiyoboro yicyuma, ndetse n'imishinga imwe n'imwe ikoresha imiyoboro yicyuma yo guswera. Ku buryo bufite intego, umutekano wo gufunga-ubwoko bwamavuza ya posheli scafolding ntabwo ari leta igenzura. Bamwe mu bahanga bagenzuye imiyoboro y'ibyuma nyuma yimpanuka ikomeye mumushinga runaka, kandi igipimo cyanyuze cyari 50% gusa.
03. Kugereranya urubuga no gukemura umutekano mubwubatsi
Gusaba porogaramu byoroshye kandi bitandukanye byo gufunga ibyuma byihuta nabyo bizana ibintu byinshi bidashidikanywaho muburyo bwo kugaburira kurubuga no kubaka. Biragoye kubara ingaruka zinyuranye zitandukanye ziterwa no kubura imiyoborere, kubura amahugurwa, kubura igishushanyo mbonera nubuyobozi, no kubura inshingano kubera amasezerano yatanzwe.
04, gusaba nabi
Ukurikije uburambe bwibihugu byateye imbere, byihuta-byubwoko bwibyuma birashobora gukoreshwa gusa mububiko bwumuseke hamwe na gantry, igituba-buckle scafolding. Ntigomba gukoreshwa mugushiraho sisitemu nini ya scafolding idashobora gukoreshwa mugushinyagurira sisitemu zisaba imitwaro minini. Muri Amerika, ndetse no kubaka no gufata neza vino yamagorofa abiri akoresha amakaramu, kandi yihuta-yicyuma cyometseho imiyoboro yicyuma ntabwo yigeze ikoreshwa mukubaka ibibuga byo kwishyiriraho. Impamvu iroroshye. Niba ushyizwe muri ubu buryo, ndetse nubwiza bwabanyamerika bihambiriye na steel tube ndukongo byuzuye bihuye nibisabwa mumutekano. Ariko, kubera ko gahunda yo kohamamation igoye kubisanzwe, kandi inzira yo kugatsa ntabwo igenzurwa kubera ibisobanuro birambuye byingirakamaro, kandi umutekano ntushobora kwizerwa. Muri icyo gihe, ugereranije na portal cyangwa Bowl-buckle scafolding, iyi porogaramu yikubye kabiri imirimo no kwicwa, bikaviramo kwiyongera gukabije mu biciro byose no gutakaza imikorere yubukungu.
05. Icyerekezo gisanzwe
Minisiteri yo kubaka abantu'Repubulika y'Ubushinwa yemeje kode ya "JGJ1301 Kode ya Tekinike Yihuta Yicyuma Icyuma Icyuma", cyashyizwe mu bikorwa ku ya 1 Kamena 2001. Ni inganda-zidasanzwe zitangazwa mbere mu gihugu cyanjye. Birakenewe ko ukomeza no gukuraho scafolding mugihugu cyanjye. Igishushanyo nubwubatsi bwisosiyete bifite ingaruka zikomeye.
Igihe cyohereza: Nov-10-2020