Scaffold ndi malo ofunikira komanso ofunikira pomanga. Ndi njira yogwira ntchito ndi njira yogwirira ntchito kuti iwonetsetse chitetezo cha chitetezo ndi chosalala cha maopareshoni ambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ngozi zowopsa zachitika nthawi zambiri m'dziko lonselo. Zifukwa zazikuluzikulu ndi: kuti dongosolo lomanga (malangizo ogwira ntchito) silinagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera, ogwira ntchito omanga, akuphwanya malamulo, ndikuwunika, kuvomereza, ndi mindandanda sikunapangidwe. Pakadali pano, mavuto osindikizira akadali ofala panthawi yomanga m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo zoopsa za chitetezo zayandikira. Oyang'anira ayenera kuyang'anira mokwanira kasamalidwe ka chitetezo ka scaffelds, ndipo "kuyendera moyenera" ndikofunikira kwambiri.
1. Kulandiridwa kwa zomwe zili pamaziko ndi maziko
1) Kaya kumanga maziko a scaffold adawerengedwa ndi malamulo oyenera kutengera kutalika kwa scaffold.
2) Kaya ndi maziko osalala ndi maziko ake ndi olimba.
3) Kaya mawonekedwe a scaffold maziko ndi maziko ndi lathyathyathya.
4) Kaya pali zodzikundikira kwamadzi mu scafold maziko ndi maziko.
2. Kulandiridwa ndi mapiritsi a ngalande
1) Zovala zomveka bwino ndi malo osungirako ziweto, ndikupanga madzi osalala.
2) Mtunda pakati pa ngalande ya ngalande ya ngalande ndi mzere wakunja wa mitengo ya scaffold yoyipa iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa 500mm.
3) M'lifupi la ditch ndi pakati pa 200mm ~ 350mm, ndi kuya kwa pakati pa 150mm ~ 300mm.
4) Kusonkhanitsa madzi (600mm × 600mm × 1200mm) kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa dzenje kuti muwonetsetse kuti madzi mu dzenjelo amayambika nthawi.
3. Kulandiridwa ndi zotsatsa ndi bulaketi
1) Kuvomerezedwa kwa mapiritsi a scafffold orts ndi pansi mabatani kumachokera kutalika ndi katundu wa scafting.
2) Zolemba za Pad Of Scifold Offictring Pansi 24m ndi (Wakukulu kuposa 200mm, makulidwe osaposa 50mm, malo omwe ali ndi pad sayenera kuyikidwa pakati pa 0.15㎡.
3) Kukula kwa chipilala cham'mimba cha scaffold chomwe chili pamwambapa 24m kuyenera kuwerengeredwa mosamalitsa.
4) Chowombera pansi chapansi chimayenera kuyikidwa pakatikati pa pad.
5) M'lifupi mwake bulaketi ya scaffold bulaketi silikhala lochepera 100mm ndipo makulidwe sadzakhala ochepera 5mm.
4. Kulandila zomwe zili poto thukuta
1) Mtengo wosenda uyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mtengo wopingasa, ndipo mtengo wosefukira suyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mtengo.
2) Kusiyana kwa mtengo wonyezimira sungakhale wamkulu kuposa 1M, ndipo mtunda wotsika sudzakhala wocheperako.
3) Mtengo wozungulira uyenera kukhazikika pamtengo wopanda 200 osaposa 200mm kutali ndi maziko a SPITELILIum pogwiritsa ntchito ngodya kumanja.
4) Ndodo yochepa yotsekemera iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamtengo wokhazikika pomwepo m'munda wamtali wotalika pogwiritsa ntchito ngodya kumanja.
5. Kuvomerezedwa kwa Phunziro
1) Kulandiridwa kwa eni kuti kuwerengedwa kumawerengedwa potengera zofunikira zomanga. Mwachitsanzo, pokhazikitsa kuwuka wamba, mtunda pakati pa mipata yolimba muyenera kukhala wochepera 2m, mtunda pakati pa miyala itaitalil yopingasa iyenera kukhala yochepera 1.8m, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mitengo yopingasa ayenera kukhala ochepera 2m. Kulemba katundu kwa katunduyo kuyenera kuvomerezedwa molingana ndi zomwe mukufuna.
2) Kupatuka kwa mtengo wozungulira kuyenera kutengera deta pagome 8.2.4 munjira yaukadaulo ya chipilala champhamvu chosindikizira JGJ130-2011.
3) Mitengo yopukutira imakulitsidwa, kupatula pamwamba pamtunda wapamwamba, womwe umatha kukhala wodzaza, kulumikizana kwa gawo lililonse la zigawo zina kuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi zomangira. Malumikizidwe a thupi la schafakold ayenera kukonzedwa munjira yolimba: Kulumikizana kwa mitengo iwiri yoyandikana sikuyenera kukhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo kapena nthawi yomweyo. Mkati mwa chikangomodzi; Mtunda pakati pa mafupa awiri oyandikana nawo omwe samalumikizidwa kapena ma spans osiyanasiyana omwe akuwongolera sayenera kukhala ochepera 500mm; Mtunda wochokera pakatikati pa malo aliwonse olumikizana mpaka pakatikatikatikati sangakhale wamkulu kuposa 1/3 wa mtunda wautali; Kutalika kwa kuchuluka sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 1M, makola atatu ozungulira amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mosiyanasiyana kuti akhazikitsidwe, ndipo mtunda kuchokera kumapeto kwa chivundikiro chakumapeto kwa ndodo yolunjika sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 100mm. Mu chiwonetsero cha Pole, kutalika kwa mtengo wa arexilary sikungakhale kochepera 3 masitepe, ndipo kutalika kwa chitoliro chachitsulo sichikhala chochepera 6m.
4) Mphepo yaying'ono ya scaffoldt iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamzere wopingasa wopingasa ndikuzungulira popingasa ndikuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mtengo wokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera. Ngati ili pamlingo wogwiritsira ntchito, mtanda wocheperako uyenera kuwonjezeredwa pakati pa ma node awiriwo kuti apirire katundu pabwalo la scaffagonetse, mahatchi kumanja ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mipiringidzo yaying'ono yopingasa ndikukhazikika pamipiringidzo yopingasa.
5) Othamanga amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamangowo, ndipo othamanga sayenera kulowetsedwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Othamanga okhala ndi ming'alu sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chimango.
6. Kulandila ndalama za matabwa a scafold
1) Scaffing imamangidwa pamalo omanga, mabodi a scaffold ayenera kugona ponseponse ndipo kuvala mabodi a scaffold owonetsa kuyenera kukhala olondola. M'makona a kuwuka, matabwa a scaffold amayenera kuwoneka osasunthika ndikuyenera kulumikizidwa mwamphamvu. Madera osagwirizana ayenera kutsekedwa ndikukhomedwa ndi matabwa.
2) matabwa ogwirira ntchito pa malo ogwira ntchito ayenera kupanikizidwa, odzaza kwambiri, ndikumangidwa mwamphamvu. Kutalika kwa kanthawi kochepa kwa bolodi la scaffold (20-150mm kutali ndi khoma sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 200mm. Kukula kwa ndodo zopingasa ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa scaffold. Kuyika kumatha kuchitidwa ndi matayala akugona kapena kuwononga.
3) Matabwa a scafold ogwiritsidwa ntchito, malekezero onse awiri osinthika a scaffold scaffold scafficting ayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi mitengo yotalikirayo pogwiritsa ntchito ngodya kumanja.
4) Mapeto ake a poler scaffold scaffold okhazikika kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamtengo wozungulira ndi ngodya kumanja, ndipo kumapeto kwake kuyenera kuyikidwa kukhoma, ndipo kutalika kwake sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 18cm.
5) matabwa opangira malo ogwirira ntchito ayenera kufalikira kwathunthu ndikuyikidwa mwamphamvu ndipo ayenera kukhala 12cm mpaka 15cm kutali ndi khoma.
6) Pomwe kutalika kwa bolodi la scaffakong kuli kochepera 2m, ndodo ziwiri zopingasa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchirikiza, koma malekezero awiri a bolodi a scaffold adasainidwa ndikuletsa kuwononga. Mitundu itatu iyi ya mabodi a scafold okamba amatha kuyikidwapo ndodo yolumikizidwa kapena yodzaza. Ma boani a scaffagold pomwe amasungidwa ndikuyika malo osalala, ndodo ziwiri zopingasa ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamalumikizidwe. Kuphatikiza kwa mabodi akunja kuyenera kukhala 130 mpaka 150mm. Kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa mabodi awiri a scafold sayenera kukhala akulu kuposa 300mm. Ma boani a scaffaza atakulungidwa ndikuyikidwa, zolumikizana ziyenera kukhala zofunikira pamtengo, kutalika kopitilira mu 200mm, ndipo kutalika komwe kukukwera pamtengo wopingasa sikuyenera kukhala kochepera 100mm.
7. Kulandila zomwe zili patsamba lolumikizira khoma
1) Pali mitundu iwiri yolumikiza makhoma: onjezerani zolumikizira za khoma ndikusintha makhoma. Kulumikizidwa kolumikizira kumayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omanga. Scaffolds yokhala ndi kutalika kochepera 24M ayenera kukhala ndi zigawo zolumikizidwa ndi khoma m'masitepe atatu ndi 3. Scaffolds ndi kutalika pakati pa 24m ndi 50m ayenera kukhala ndi zigawo zolumikizidwa ndi khoma m'masitepe awiri ndi 3.
2) Magawo olumikizidwa a khoma ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuyambira pamtengo woyamba wa italiminal pansi pansi pa thupi la scaffaza.
3) Magawo olumikizira a khoma ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu, ndipo mtunda wochokera ku malo akulu sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 300mm.
4) Magawo olumikizira khoma ayenera kukonzedwa mu mawonekedwe a diamondi yoyamba, koma lalikulu kapena mawonekedwe a Pitch amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
5) Malo olumikizira khoma amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za scafold. Kutalika kwa magawo pakati pa magawo olumikizira khoma sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa kutalika kwa nyumbayo ndipo sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 4M (masitepe awiri).
6) wosakwatiwa- ndi kuwiritsa pang'ono pang'ono ndi kutalika kwa osachepera 24m ayenera kulumikizidwa modalirika ndi nyumbayo pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zokhazikika. Zolumikizana za Wall Njira zotsutsana ndi zotsalira. Zimaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito makhoma osinthika ndi mipiringidzo yokhayo yokha.
7) Osakwatiwa ndi mzere wosakwatiwa ndi malo okwera thupi pamwamba 24m ayenera kulumikizidwanso ndi nyumbayo pogwiritsa ntchito zolimba za khoma.
8) Zingwe zolumikizira khoma kapena mangani mipiringidzo yolumikizira ya khoma iyenera kukhala yolunjika. Ngati sangathe kuyikidwa molunjika, mathero olumikizidwa ku scaffold oyenera kulumikizidwa pansi komanso modalirika.
9) Malo olumikizira khoma ayenera kukhala apangidwe omwe amatha kupirira zovuta ndi kukakamizidwa.
10) Pamene gawo lam'munsi la scaffold silingakhale ndi magawo olumikizidwa ndi khoma kwakanthawi, kuponyera chithandizo kumatha kukhazikitsidwa. Kuponyera zothandizira kuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi scaffing pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo zonse zazitali, ndipo zokongoletsera ndi nthaka ziyenera kukhala pakati pa 45 ndi 60; Mtunda wochokera pakatikati pa malo olumikizirana ku Node wamkulu sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 300mm. Kuponyera zothandizira kuyenera kuchotsedwa payokha pambuyo pa magawo olumikizidwa a khoma.
11) Pamene kutalika kwa thupi la scaffold kuli pamwamba pa 40m ndipo pali njira yolumikizira mphepo, njira zolumikizira za khoma ziyenera kutengedwa kuti mupewe kukula kwa umturn.
8. Kulandila zomwe zili mu scoskor brace
1) mzere wowirikiza kawiri ndi kutalika kwa 24m ndipo pamwamba pake kumayenera kuperekedwa mosalekeza ndi scossor kumasuka kuzungulira mawonekedwe onse a kunja; Mzere wocheperako wokhala ndi zaka zosakwana 24m ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pa mawonekedwe ndi gawo loposa 15m pamapeto onse, ngodya ndi pakati. Chingwe chilichonse cha SCISOR chidapangidwa ndipo chiyenera kuyikika mosalekeza kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba.
2) Ndodo yamitundu ya digissel yokhala ndi dialoonal iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi yozungulira yotsika kumapeto kwa ndodo yopingasa kapena yopingasa yomwe imadutsa nawo. Mtunda wochokera pakati pa chingwe chosinthira ku malo akulu kumodzi sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 150mm.
3) Malekezero onse awiri otseguka ayenera kukhala ndi zida zotchinga m'mimba.
9. Kulandiridwa ndi njira zopita ndi masitepe apansi
1) Pali mitundu iwiri ya njira zokwera ndikugwedeza scaffold: makwerero omangika ndikukhazikitsa "zigzag" wowoneka bwino kapena njira zoyenda.
2) Makweredwe amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mosalekeza komanso molunjika kuchokera kotsika mpaka 3 metres iliyonse molunjika. Mbowo wapamwamba uyenera kumangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi waya wa 8 #.
3) Mtsitsi wapamwamba kwambiri komanso wotsika ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pamodzi ndi kutalika kwa scaffold. M'lifupi woyenda m'munsi woyenda pansi sadzakhala wocheperako 1m ndi malo otsetsereka adzakhala 1: 3. M'lifupi mwa njira yoyendera zinthu zathupi sizikhala zosakwana 1.5m ndi malo otsetsereka adzakhala 1: 6. Kutalika pakati pa zingwe zotsutsa ndi 200 ~ 300mm, ndipo kutalika kwa mizere yotsutsa kuli pafupifupi 20-30mm.
10. Kulandila zinthu za chimango cha antime-kugwa
1) Ngati kapangidwe ka zomangamanga zikuyenera kupachikidwa ndi net, onetsetsani kuti ukondewo ndi wathyathyathya, wolimba, komanso wangwiro.
2) Kunja kwa kumenyedwa kwa zomanga kuyenera kukhala ndi mesh yolumpha, yomwe iyenera kukhala yosalala ndikumaliza.
3) Njira zotsutsana ndi kugwa zimayenera kukhazikitsidwa aliyense 10m mu kutalika kwa scaffflad ya scaffflad ya scaffflad ya scaffft kunja kwa scaffold mu nthawi. Ukonde wamkati uyenera kuyerekeza mukagona, ndipo chingwe cha netvice chokhazikika chiyenera kuzungulira malo otetezedwa ndi otetezeka a kusokosera.
Post Nthawi: Apr-11-2024