1. Zambiri
1.0.1 Izi zimapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zotetezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangamanga.
1.0.2 Kusankhidwa, kapangidwe, kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito, kuvutitsa, kuyang'ana zinthu ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za zomangamanga.
1.0.3 Kukula kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika komanso wodalirika kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kosavuta ndi chitetezo cha zomangamanga, ndipo ziyenera kutsatira mfundo zotsatirazi:
Pangani mfundo zadziko lapansi pazogwiritsa ntchito mozama komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe, kuteteza chilengedwe, kupewa, kupewa, kuwongolera mwadzidzidzi, ndi zina.;
② Onetsetsani kuti, katundu, ndi chitetezo pagulu;
Limbikitsani zatsopano za ukadaulo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maofesi ogwiritsa ntchito sckagold.
1.0.4 Kaya njira zaukadaulo ndi njira zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi zomangamanga kukwaniritsa zofunikira za izi zidzatsimikizika ndi maphwando oyenera. Mwa iwo, njira zatsopano zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndikuwonetsetsa zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi izi.
2. Zipangizo ndi zinthu zina
2.0.1 Chizindikiro cha zojambulajambula ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zidzakwaniritsa zosowa zogwiritsira ntchito scaffold, ndipo mtunduwo udzakwaniritsa zofunikira za mayiko osiyanasiyana.
2.0.2 Zipangizo zopangira ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziyenera kukhala ndi zikalata zotsimikizira bwino.
2.0.3 Ndodo ndi zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi wina ndi mnzake ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za njira ya Msonkhano ndi mawonekedwe.
2.0.4 Zolemba ndi zinthu zokumba ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa, zosungidwa, ndikugwiridwa mwachangu pa moyo wawo wautumiki. Zogulitsa zosavomerezeka ziyenera kudutsidwa mwachangu komanso zolembedwa.
2.0.5 Pazinthu ndi zigawo zawo zomwe magwiridwe awo sangatsimikizidwe kudzera pakuwunikira, kuyang'ana mawonekedwe, ndikuwunika, kupsinjika kwawo kuyenera kutsimikiza mtima kudzera m'mayeso.
3. Kupanga
3.1 Zambiri
3.1.1 Mapangidwe a scchuftold ayenera kutengera njira yopangira boma molingana ndi chiphunzitso chotheka ndipo iyenera kuwerengeredwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lomwe lili.
3.1.2 Kapangidwe ka scaffold koyenera kuyenera kupangidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili zokulirapo komanso malire omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.
3.1.3 Maziko a scaffagold adzagwirizana ndi zotsatirazi:
① Icho chizikhala cholimba komanso cholimba, ndipo chidzakwaniritsa zofunikira zakubala ndi kusinthana;
② Njira zodzipatula zimakhazikitsidwa, ndipo malo otetezedwa sadzakhala madzi;
③ Anti-freeze miyeso yakumwamba idzatengedwa nthawi yozizira.
3.1.4 Mphamvu ndi kusinthika kwa kapangidwe ka ukadaulo wothandizira scaffold (kapangidwe kazinthu zopangira zomwe zimapangika zomwe zidalumikizidwa zimalumikizidwa zidzatsimikiziridwa. Pamene chitsimikizo sichitha kukwaniritsa zofunika kuwononga chitetezo, njira zofananira zidzatengedwa malinga ndi zotsatira zotsimikizira.
4. Chotsani
4.2.1 Katundu wonyamula katundu ndi scaffold ophatikiza katundu wosakhazikika komanso katundu wosiyanasiyana.
4.2.2 Zinthu zokhazikika za scaffoldt ziphatikizanso izi:
① Kulemera koopsa kwa kapangidwe kake;
② Kulemera kwakufa kwa zowonjezera monga ma board, maukonde achitetezo, njanji, zina.;
③ Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi kugwirizira;
④ katundu wina wokhazikika.
4.2
① katundu womanga;
Katundu wa mphepo;
③ katundu wina wosinthika.
4.2.4 Mtengo woyenera wa katundu wosinthika udzagwirizana ndi izi:
① Mtengo woyenera wa katundu womanga pamakina ogwirira ntchito adzatsimikizika malinga ndi zomwe zingachitike;
② Zigawo ziwiri kapena zingapo zogwira ntchito zikugwira ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa mfundo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi katundu womanga zomwezo sizingakhale zochepa kuposa 5.0kn / m2;
③ Mtengo woyenera wa zomangamanga pazomwe zimathandizira chidzatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi zomwe zingachitike;
④ Mtengo woyenera wa katundu wambiri wa zida, zida ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayenda pamtengo wothandizirazi zidzawerengedwa malinga ndi kulemera kwawo.
4.2
42. Pakunja kwamphamvu pa scaffftold, zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zoyendayenda komanso zomwe zikuwakhumudwitsa zizichulukana ndi zogwirizana za 1.35 kenako ndikuphatikizidwa muyezo wa katundu wosiyanasiyana.
4.2. Mukamapanga scaffflald, katunduyo adzaphatikizidwa molingana ndi zofunikira za malire azomwe zingachitike komanso zokwanira kwambiri zomwe zingachitike molingana ndi katundu womwewo nthawi yomweyo mukamakonda kusinthasintha, kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kuvutitsa.
4.3 Mapangidwe Apangidwe
4.3.1 Kuwerengera kwa scaffgold kuchitika molingana ndi malo omangawo
4.3.2 Kapangidwe kake ndi kuwerengetsa kwa kapangidwe kake kakuyenera kusankha zoimira komanso zinthu zosawoneka bwino malinga ndi zomangamanga, ndikugwiritsa ntchito gawo losavomerezeka komanso logwira ntchito bwino kwambiri monga momwe zinthu ziliri. Kusankhidwa kwa gawo lowerengera liyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
① Ndodo ndi zigawo zina ndi mphamvu yayikulu yomwe iyenera kusankhidwa;
② Ndodo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi kusintha kwa span, kutalikirana, geometry, ndi mikhalidwe yonyamula katundu iyenera kusankhidwa;
③ Ndodo ndi zigawo zomwe zili ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake kapena zofooka ziyenera kusankhidwa;
④ Pakakhala katundu wophatikizika pa scaffold, ndodo ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri mkati mwa katundu wambiri ziyenera kusankhidwa.
4.3.3 Mphamvu ya ndodo zonenepa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziyenera kuwerengeredwa malinga ndi gawo la net; Kukhazikika ndi kusinthika kwa ndodo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziyenera kuwerengeredwa malinga ndi gawo lalikulu.
4.3.4 Pamene Scaffing idapangidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili zokulirapo, kuphatikiza koyambirira kwa mapangidwe opangira mphamvu kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwerengera. Pamene scaffoldt imapangidwa malinga ndi malire a kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, kuphatikiza kwa katundu ndi kutsatsa kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwerengera.
4.3.5 Kuwonongeka kovomerezeka kwa mamembala oseketsa a scaffold osakira adzagwirizana ndi malamulo oyenera.
Chidziwitso: L ndiye katatu wa membala wosakwatiwa, ndipo kwa membala wa cartlever ndi kutalika kwachiwiri.
4.3.6 Kukhazikika kothandizidwa ndi mafomudwe kudzapangidwa ndikuwerengeredwa kuti mutsimikizire molingana ndi zomangamanga, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zigawo zothandizira kumatsimikizika malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri.
4.4 Zofunika Kupanga
4.4.1 Njira zomangira zomangira zidzakhala zomveka, zokwanira, zokwanira, ndipo zidzaonetsetsa kuti kufalikira kwa chimango ndikowonekeratu.
4.4.2 Kulumikizidwa kwa ndodo za scaffold kuwonongeka kumakhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira komanso kufota kwamphamvu, ndipo mawonekedwe a chimango sadzamasulidwa mukamatumikira.
4.4.3 Kutalikirana ndi mtunda wa malo owongoka kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe kake.
4.4.4 Njira zotetezera Chitetezo zidzatengedwa pa scaffold ork wosanjikiza, ndipo adzagwirizana ndi zotsatirazi:
① Ntchito yogwira ntchito yogwirira ntchito, kugwirizira kwathunthu, ndipo kuphatikizika kwa kunyamula kunyamula kudzakutidwa ndi matabwa osindikizidwa ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukhazikika komanso kudalirika. Mtunda pakati pa m'mphepete mwa ntchito yogwira ntchito ndi kunja kwa kapangidwe kake ndi wamkulu kuposa 150mm, zotchinga ziyenera kutengedwa.
Mabodi a chitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi mabotolo ayenera kukhala ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza ndikutsekedwa ndi mipiringidzo yopingasa ya ntchito yogwira ntchito.
Mabodi a Bambo osindikizira, ndipo mabodi a bamboo scafold amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi mipiringidzo yodalirika yopingasa ndipo iyenera kumangirizidwa mwamphamvu.
④ Malo otetezedwa ndi miyendo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa m'mphepete lakunja kwa scaffold ork wosanjikiza.
Miyezo yotseka iyenera kutengedwa mabatani apansi a scaffold omwe akugwira ntchito.
⑥ Chitetezo cha chitetezo chopingasa chiyenera kuyika atatu pansi atatu kapena kutalika kosaposa 10m mnyumba yomanga.
Kunja kwa ntchito yogwira ntchito kuyenera kutsekedwa ndi ukonde wotetezeka. Ukonde wofesa utagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekedwa, net yotetezedwa yofinya imayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zamoto.
- Gawo la bolodi la scaffold lopitilira gawo lopingasa siliyenera kukhala lalikulupo kuposa 200mm.
4.4.5 Mitengo yolunjika yomwe ili pansi pa chiwonetsero ziyenera kukhala ndi mitengo yayitali komanso yolusa, ndipo mitengo yotuwa iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mitengo yoyandikana nayo.
4.4.6 Kuchita malonda kudzakhala ndi zingwe za khoma malinga ndi kuwerengera kapangidwe kake ndi zofunika zomanga, ndipo zidzakwaniritsa izi:
① Zingwe za khoma likhala ndi zigawo zokhazikika zomwe zimatha kupirira kupanikizika ndi zovuta, ndipo zidzakhala zolumikizidwa ndi ukadaulo ndi chimango;
Kukula kwa makhoma kumapitirira 3 spans, malo ofukula sikungapitirire 3 masitepe, ndipo kutalika kwa chipilala cha chimanga pamwamba pa mathanthwe sikutha kupitirira 2 masitepe;
③ Maungwe a Wall adzawonjezedwa m'makona a chimango ndi malekezero a mtundu wotseguka. Kuwala kwa makhothi sikudzakhala kwakukulu kuposa kutalika kwa nyumba, ndipo sikudzakhala wamkulu kuposa 4mu.
4.4.7 lumo lopindika limayikidwa pa chinsinsi chakunja kwa malo ogwirira ntchito ndipo adzatsata zotsatirazi:
① M'lifupi mwake woluma aliyense, uzikhala ndi spons 4 mpaka 6, ndipo sadzakhala wochepera 6m kapena wokulirapo kuposa 9m; Kutalikana pakati pa lumo mabowor rod ndi ndege yopingasa idzakhala pakati pa 45 ° ndi 60 °;
② Pamene kutalika kwa eroction kuli pansipa 24M, ma scossion aikidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za chimango, ngodya, ndipo pakati pa 15m iliyonse, ndipo idzakhazikitsidwa mosalekeza kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba; Kutalika kwa eroction ndi 24m ndi pamwamba, kudzaikidwa mosalekeza kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa mawonekedwe onse akunja;
③ Castilever scaffold yonyamula ndikunyamula scaffold kuyika mosalekeza kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa mawonekedwe onse akunja.
4.4.8 Pansi pa mtengo wa Cantiffanover Stcaffoldt idzalumikizidwa kwathunthu ndi kagwiritsidwe kake; Ndodo yochepa kwambiri imakhazikitsidwa pansi pamtengo, komanso lumo lakutsogolo braces kapena mitu yopingasa imayikidwa nthawi zonse.
4.4.9 Kukhazikika kowoneka bwino kudzatsata ndi zotsatirazi:
① Zovala zazikuluzikulu zokhala ndi zolimba komanso zopingasa zimatengera mawonekedwe a galimoto kapena zolimba, ndipo ndodo zidzalumikizidwa ndi kuwotcherera kapena ma balts;
② Ma odana ndi akugwa, pansi, olemetsa, ndi zida zowongolera zowongolera kukweza zidzakhazikitsidwa, ndipo mitundu yonse yamitundu idzakhale yodalirika;
③ Chithandizo cha khoma chizikhala pansi chilichonse chokutidwa ndi chimango chachikulu; Chithandizo chilichonse cha khoma chizitha kunyamula katundu wathunthu wa vertical.
④ Ngati zida zonyamula magetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mtunda wokweza magetsi wamagetsi kukweza magetsi udzakhala waukulu kuposa kutalika kwa pansi.
4.4.10 Zodalirika zodalirika zolimbitsa zinthu zidzatengedwa magawo otsatirawa:
① kulumikizana pakati pa kuphatikiza ndi kuthandizira kwa ukadaulo;
② ngodya ya madene;
③ Kusemerera kapena kutseguka kwa malo monga nsanja kukonra, zomangamanga, ndi nsanja zathupi;
- Gawo lomwe kutalika kwake kuli kwakukulu kuposa kutalika kolunjika kwa khoma;
- Zinthu zojambulajambula za ukadaulo zimakhudza mawonekedwe abwinobwino a chimango. 4.4.11 Njira zothandizira kuteteza molimbika ziyenera kumwedwa kumaso ndi ngodya za mumsewu.
4.4.12 Chiwerengero chochepa cha gawo la mawonekedwe odziyimira pawokha sichingakhale wamkulu kuposa 3.0.
4.4.13 Kupanga kothandizira kuyenera kukhala ndi chingwe chopingasa komanso chopingasa ndipo chimayenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
① Kukhazikitsa braces a scoskor iyenera kukhala yunifolomu komanso yodziwika bwino;
② M'lifupi mwake cholembera chingwe chilichonse chikuyenera kukhala 6m ~ 9m, ndi zokongoletsera za chingwe cholumikizira cha digisor
4.4.14 Zingwe zokutira za kunyuzika zothandizira ziyenera kukhala zazitali zazitali komanso zazitali molingana ndi mtunda wa sitepe ndipo iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi ndodo zoyankhulira.
4.4.15 Kutalika kwa maziko osinthika ndikusintha njira yokhazikika yomwe idayikidwa mu mtengo wa scaffoldt sikuyenera kuchepera 150mm, ndipo kutalika kopitilira muyeso kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndikuwerengera ndipo ayenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
① Pamene mulifupi wa poloel pipe ndi 42mm, kutalika kwakutali sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 200mm;
② Pamene mulifupi wa poloel pipe ndi 48.3mm ndi pamwambapa, kutalika kwakutali sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 500mm.
4.4.16 Kusiyana pakati pa maziko osinthika ndikusintha njira yothandizira kuyikidwa mu scaffakong chitolirochi sichingakhale chokulirapo kuposa 2.5mm.
Post Nthawi: Jan-17-2025