First, what is scaffolding?
It refers to various supports set up at the construction site for workers to operate and solve vertical and horizontal transportation. It is a common term in the construction industry, referring to the use of exterior walls, interior decoration, or places with high floor heights that cannot be directly constructed on the construction site. It is mainly for construction workers to work up and down or for the maintenance of the outer safety net and the installation of components at high altitudes. To put it bluntly, it is to build a scaffold. The materials used to make scaffolding are usually: bamboo, wood, steel pipes, or synthetic materials. Some projects also use scaffolding as templates. In addition, it is also widely used in advertising, municipal administration, traffic roads and bridges, mining, and other departments.
Scaffolding is a temporary facility that occupies a particularly important position in building installation construction. Concrete structure pouring, brick wall masonry, decoration, and painting, pipeline installation, equipment installation, etc. all require scaffolding. It is one of the important tools that are indispensable for the successful completion of power construction and installation engineering construction tasks. The appropriateness of selection and use not only affects the smooth progress and safety of construction work but also affects the improvement of project quality, construction progress, and economic benefits.
Second, types of scaffolding
According to the purpose, there are masonry scaffolding, decoration scaffolding, installation scaffolding formwork support frame, etc.;
According to the erection position, there are internal scaffolding and external scaffolding;
According to the material, there are wooden scaffolding, bamboo scaffolding and metal scaffolding;
According to the structural form, there are vertical pole types, frame group types (door type frame), bridge types, hanging type, hanging type, cantilever type, and other tool-type scaffolding; according to the number of vertical pole erection rows, there are single row scaffolding, double row scaffolding, and full scaffolding.
Third, the composition structure of scaffolding
The composition of scaffolding consists of pads, bases, vertical poles, large and small cross bars, diagonal braces, throw braces, scissor braces, wall connecting rods, sweeping rods and their accessories, etc. The following is an introduction to their main functions:
1. Vertical poles (also called columns, standing poles, sky poles, vertical poles, etc.): perpendicular to the ground, they are the main load-bearing rods of the scaffolding. Its function is to transfer all the load on the scaffolding board to the foundation through the base and pad.
2. Large crossbar (also called water-following bar, longitudinal horizontal bar, tie rod, etc.): parallel to the wall. Its function is to connect with the vertical pole as a whole and transfer all the load on the scaffolding board to the vertical pole.
3. Small crossbar (also called a horizontal rib, horizontal arm, horizontal bar, six-foot bar, row wood): perpendicular to the wall, its function is to directly bear the load on the scaffolding board and transfer this part of the load to the large crossbar. In double-row scaffolding, it is an important rod that connects the inner and outer rows of frames and enhances the overall stability of the scaffolding.
4. Diagonal brace (also called a diagonal brace, eight-character brace): closely connected to the outer row of vertical poles of the scaffolding, obliquely intersecting with the vertical poles and forming an angle of 45°-60° with the ground, and set up and down continuously, shaped like a “Z”. It is mainly set at the corners of the scaffolding, and its function is to prevent the frame from tilting along the longitudinal direction and bear the horizontal force of the scaffolding.
5. Scissor brace (also called cross brace, cross cover): double diagonal bars set on the outside of the scaffolding, cross each other, and form an angle of 45°-60° with the ground. The function is to connect the scaffolding as a whole and bear the horizontal force of the scaffolding, enhancing the overall stability of the scaffolding.
6. Shoring (also called support, pressure railing): It is an inclined bar set on the outer row (around) of the scaffolding and supports the scaffolding from the ground. It is generally at an angle of 60° to the ground. Its function is to increase the lateral stability of the scaffolding and prevent the scaffolding from tilting or falling outward. Its role is particularly important in the early stage of supporting the scaffolding and when there are only a few steps left to dismantle the scaffolding. The shoring should be connected to the scaffolding pole with a horizontal support (also called horse beam, or counter support) to enhance stability.
7. Wall connecting rod (also called pull-joint): It is a horizontal rod connected to the main structure with a length of no more than 4 meters along the vertical direction (vertical) and no more than 7 meters in the horizontal direction. It can withstand tension and compression. Its function is to bear all wind loads of the scaffolding and the loads generated when the inner and outer rows of scaffolding columns sink unevenly.
8. Sweeping rod: It is a longitudinal horizontal rod close to the ground. Its function is to enhance the stability of the root of the scaffolding column.
9. Scaffolding board (also called springboard, frame board): It is a component laid on the small crossbar to directly bear the construction load.
Post time: Apr-18-2025